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having put

Толкование Перевод

1 φράσσω

φράσσω, [dialect] Att.

A - ττω X.Cyn.2.9
, D.21.17, al.: [tense] fut. φράξω ([etym.] δια-) IG 22.1668.63, etc.: [tense] aor. ἔφραξα, [dialect] Ep. φράξα Il.12.263
, Od.5.256, etc., [dialect] Att. inf. φάρξαι IG12.371.20
, part. δια-φάρξας ib.373.251: [tense] pf. πέφρᾰκα Ph.2.350
, later πέφρᾰγα ([etym.] περι-) Sch.Hes.Sc. 298: [tense] plpf. ἐμ-πεφράκεσαν J.AJ12.8.5
:—[voice] Med., v. φράγνυμι; [tense] fut. φράξομαι ([etym.] ἐμ-) Luc.Tim.19: [tense] aor. ἐφραξάμην, [dialect] Ep. φρ- Il.15.566
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. φραχθήσομαι ([etym.] ἐμ-) Gal.5.616; φρᾰγήσομαι 2 Ep.Cor.11.10
: [tense] aor. 1 ἐφράχθην Il.17.268
, Pl.Ti. 84d: [tense] aor. 2 ἐφράγην [pron. full] [ᾰ], subj. φρᾰγῇ Ep.Rom.3.19
, part. φρᾰγείς Hero Spir.1.19
: [tense] pf. πέφραγμαι E.Ph. 733
, etc.: [tense] plpf. ἐπεφράγμην Luc.Sat.11
, [ per.] 3sg. ἐπέφρακτο Hdt.7.142
:—Hom. uses no tense but [tense] aor. [voice] Act., [voice] Pass., and [voice] Med. The [dialect] Att. spellings πεφαργμένος and ἐφάρξαντο are given by Hdn.Gr.2.384, cf. IG12.ll.cc., and v. φαρκτός, ναύφαρκτος. [ᾰ by nature, for it does not become η in [dialect] Ion.]:— fence in, hedge round, hence with collat. notion of defence, secure, fortify, ῥινοῖσι βοῶν φράξαντες ἐπάλξεις having fenced the battlements with shields, Il.12.263; φράξε δέ μιν [τὴν σχεδίην] ῥίπεσσι he fenced it with mats, to keep out the water, Od.5.256; ἀρκύστατ' ἂν φράξειεν A.Ag. 1376
; φ. δέμας ὅπλοισι Id.Pers. 456
; ἔρνεσι φ. χεῖρα fill them full with wreaths of victory, Pi.I.1.66:—[voice] Med., φράξαντο δὲ νῆας ἕρκεϊ χαλκείῳ they fencedin their ships, Il.15.566, cf. A.Th.63; φραξάμενοι τὴν ἀκρόπολιν θύρῃσι Hdt.8.51
; πύλας.. ἐφραξάμεσθα προστάταις A.Th. 798
; but ἐφράξαντο τὸ τεῖχος they strengthened it, Hdt.9.70: abs., strengthen one's fortifications, Th.8.35; φ. πρὸς τὰς διαβάσεις Plu.Mar.23
;
φραξάμενοι
in battle-array, Batr.166
:—[voice] Pass., φραχθέντες σάκεσιν fenced with shields, Il.17.268, cf. E.IA 826, etc.; ἡ ἀκρόπολις ῥηχῷ ἐπέφρακτο Hdt.7.142
; of the Nile, to be embanked, Id.2.99: abs.,
πεφραγμένοι
fortified, prepared for defence, Id.5.34
, Th.1.82; of a person, armed, ἀσπιδίτης καὶ πεφρ. S.Fr. 426
: metaph., ἐλπίδος πεφραγμένος having the defence of hope, cj. in Id.Ant. 235 (cod. Laur, πεπραγμένος, cett. and Sch. δεδραγμένος).

II put up as a fence, φράξαντες δόρυ δουρί, σάκος σάκεϊ joining spear close to spear, shield to shield, Il.13.130; φράξαντες τὰ γέρρα having put up the shields as a close, thick fence, Hdt.9.61:—[voice] Med. πάγας ὑπερκότους ἐφραξάμεσθα cj. in A.Ag. 823.

2 σχάσασαι τὴν οὐρὰν καὶ φ., of dogs, X.Cyn.3.5.

III stop up, block, τὴν ὁδόν Hdt.8.7
; τοὺς ἔσπλους Th.4.13
; τὰ παρασκήνια D.21.17
:—[voice] Pass., ὑπὸ ῥευμάτων φραχθείς [ὁ πλεύμων] Pl. l.c.; πεφραγμένων τῶν πόρων Arist.Pr. 935b14
.

2 metaph., bar, stop, τὸ ἡγεμονικόν Ath.4.157d
:—[voice] Pass., ἵνα πᾶν στόμα φραγῇ Ep.Rom.3.19
; ἡ καύχησις αὕτη οὐ φραγήσεται εἰς ἐμέ 2 Ep.Cor. 11.10
.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > φράσσω
2 εἰσδύνω

εἰσδύνω, and [voice] Med. [full] εἰσδύομαι (v. δύω): [tense] fut. -δύσομαι, with [tense] aor. 2 - έδῡν: [tense] pf. - δέδῡκα:—

A get or crawl into, ἐς τὸν θησαυρόν Hdt.2.121
. β'; ψυχὴ ἐς ἄλλο ζῷον ἐσδύεται ib. 123; εἰσεδύοντο εἰς τοὺς πόδας οἱ ἱμάντες the thongs entered into their feet, X.An.4.5.14; εἰς τὴν Ἀμφικτυονίαν εἰσδεδυκώς having wormed his way into the League, D.11.4.

2 c. acc., go into, enter, ἀκοντιστὺν ἐσδύσεαι Il.23.622
; ὁ ψὴν τὴν βάλανον ἐσδύνων Hdt.1.193
;
ἄκακον..τρόπον εἰσδύς
having put on.., Anaxil.33.3
.

3 folld. by relat., οὐκ εἶδεν οὗ γῆς εἰσέδυ saw not into what part of the earth she entered, E.IA 1583.

II of feelings, δεινόν τι ἐσέδυνέ σφι great fear came upon them, Hdt. 6.138; εἰσέδυ με..οἴστρημα καὶ μνήμη κακῶν S.OT 1317
; [ ἡ ἀλήθεια] εἰς τὰς ψυχὰς εἰσδύεται Plb.13.5.5
; λύπη εἰσδύνουσα Andronic.
Rhod. P.571M.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εἰσδύνω
3 ἐπέχω

ἐπέχω, [tense] fut. ἐφέξω (v. infr. IV. 1,2) and

A ἐπισχήσω E.Andr. 160
, D. 45.88: [tense] aor. ἐπέσχον, imper. ἐπίσχες, inf. ἐπισχεῖν; poet. ἐπισχέθοι A.Th. 453
(lyr.), ἐπέσχεθον A.R.4.1622
: [tense] pf. ἐπέσχηκα Supp.Epigr. 1.362.12
(Samos, iv B.C.):— have or hold upon, θρῆνυν.., τῷ κεν ἐπισχοίης (v.l. ἐπίσχοιας) λιπαροὺς πόδας Il.14.241
, cf. Od.17.410; ποτῷ κρωσσὸν ἐ. hold it to or for.., Theoc.13.46; λόγον ζωῆς ἐπέχοντες (sc. κόσμῳ) holding it out like a torch, Ep.Phil.2.16:—[voice] Med., hold by, χειρός A.R.4.751
.

II hold out to, present, offer, οἶνον ἐπισχών Il. 9.489
; ἐπέσχε τε οἶνον ἐρυθρόν Od.16.444
; κοτύλην.. ἐπέσχε Il.22.494
; εἴ ποτέ τοι.. μαζὸν ἐπέσχον ib.83, cf. E.Andr. 225; also γάλακτι δ' οὐκ ἐπέσχον οὐδὲ μαστῷ τροφεῖα ματρός I offered not mother's food with my breast, Id. Ion 1492: c. inf., πιεῖν ἐπέσχον Ar.Nu. 1382
: abs., Id. Pax 1167:—[voice] Med., ἐπισχόμενος (sc. τὴν κύλικα) ἐξέπιεν having put it to his lips, Pl.Phd. 117c, cf. Stesich.7, A.R.1.472, Luc.Tox.37; ἐπὶ χείλεσι.. μαστὸν ἐπισχομένη Euph.92
; present a sum of money, τῇ πόλει Supp.Epigr.l.c.

2 extend, spread out, τὴν πλεκτάνην Arist. HA 550b6
.

3 simply, hold, σκῆπτρα IPE2.37
([place name] Panticapaeum); of writings, contain, Philostr.VS2.24.2, cf. 2.9.1.

4 enjoin, impose a task, c. dat. pers., Procop.Arc.17, Vand.1.8.

III hold or direct towards, ἔπεχε τόξον σκοπῷ Pi.O.2.89
; ἄλλῳ ἐπεῖχε τόξα E.HF 984
:— [voice] Med., abs., ἐπισχόμενος βάλεν ἰῷ having aimed at him he hit him, Od.22.15.

b intr., aim at, attack, τί μοι ὧδ' ἐπέχεις; why thus launch out against me? 19.71; in tmesi, ἐπὶ αὐτῷ πάντες ἔχωμεν 22.75
; ἀλλήλοις ἐ. Hes.Th. 711
; ἄνδρα ἐπέχοντα τῷ Πύρρῳ Plu.Pyrrh. 16
; ἐπέχειν ἐπί τινα Hdt.9.59
; τὰς ἐπὶ σφίσι ναῦς ἐπεχούσας Th.8.105
; πρός τι Plu.Ant.66
: c. dat., ἀκτῇσιν ἐπέσχεθον held straight for the beach, A.R.4.1766: abs., E.Ba. 1131.

2 ἐπέχειν τὴν διάνοιαν ἐπί τινι direct one's mind to a thing, Pl.Lg. 926b; τῷ πολέμῳ τὴν γνώμην Plu.Aem.8
, etc.; also ἐ. ἑαυτόν τινι attend to him, Pl.R. 399b codd.

b abs., ἐπέχειν (sc. τὸν νοῦν) intend, purpose, c. inf., ἐπεῖχε ἐλλάμψεσθαι Hdt.1.80
, cf. 153, 6.96: c. dat. rei, to be intent upon, ταῖς ἀρχαῖς, διαβάσει, etc., Ar.Lys. 490, Plb.3.43.2, etc.

3 stand facing, face in a line of battle, οὗτοι (sc. οἱ Μῆδοι) ἐπέσχον Κορινθίους Hdt.9.31
.

IV hold back, keep in check, ἐπέσχε δὲ καλὰ ῥέεθρα Il. 21.244
; καὶ πῶς ἐπέσχε χεῖρα μαιμῶσαν φόνου; S.Aj.50
; ἐπισχὼν ἡνίαν ib. 847; ἐπίσχωμεν τὸ πλεῖν Id.Ph. 881
; ὀργάς E.Hel. 1642
; οὐκ ἐφέξετε στόμα; Id.Hec. 1283
; χρησμοὺς ἐ. withhold them, Id.Ph. 866; ἐπέχειν τινὰ τῷ ξύλῳ keep him down with the stick, Ar. Pax 1121; τὸ εὐθέως ἐπιχειρεῖν Th.7.33
; confine, as the earth a corpse, AP7.461 (Mel.);
ἐ. τῇ χειρὶ τὸ στόμα
cover, Plu.Cat.Mi.28
; ἐπέχομεν τὴν ἐκπνοήν Gal.6.172
; τὰς διαχωρήσεις ἐ. Id.Vict.Att.12
:—[voice] Med., ἐπισχόμενος τὰ ὦτα Pl.Smp. 216a
:—[voice] Pass., τοῦ βάθους ἐπεσχημένου J. AJ5.1.3
; to be prevented, hindered, ὑπό τινος PFreib.11.13
(iv A.D.); of the menses, Gal.1.184.

b stay or adjourn proceedings, τὰ πρὸς Ἀργείους Th.5.46
; τὴν ζημίαν καὶ τὴν κατασκαφήν ib.63; τὴν δίαιταν D.21.84
; suspend payments, in [voice] Pass., PTeb.337.4 (ii/iii A.D.), cf. PGiss.48.11 (iii A.D.).

c ἐ. τινά τινος
stop, hinder from, E.Andr. 160
, Ar.Lys. 742, D.S.13.87: c. inf., σε μήτε νὺξ μήτε ἡμέρα ἐπισχέτω ὥστε ἀνεῖναι.. let them not stop thee so that thou neglect.., Th.1.129; ἐ. τινὰ μὴ πράσσειν τι S.El. 517
, Ph. 349; κλαυθμυρίζον τὸ βρέφος ἐπισχεῖν μὴ δυνάμεναι Sor.1.88
:—[voice] Pass., μηδενὸς ἐπεχομένου no objection being taken, PTeb.327.37 (ii A.D.).

d impers.,
ἐπέχει
there is a hindrance, Astramps.Orac.97.3
.

2 abs., stay, pause, Ἀντίνοος δ' ἔτ' ἐπεῖχε Od.21.186
; refrain, Hdt.1.32, 5.51, 7.139; εἰ δ' ἐφέξετον if you tarry, S.El. 1369, etc.: folld. by a Conj., esp. in imper., ἐπίσχες ἢν.. wait and see whether.., E.Supp. 397; ἐπίσχες ἔστ' ἂν.. προσμάθῃς A.Pr. 697
; ἐ. ἕως.. D.4.1
; μέχρι τοσούτου ἔως.. Th.1.90
; ἐπίσχες, abs., hold! stop! A.Ch. 896, S.OC 856, etc.; ἐπίσχετε, μηδὲ συρίξητε Timocl.2.6D.
; ἐπίσχετον, μάθωμεν S.Ph. 539
, cf. E. Hipp. 567; in part., ἐπισχὼν ὀλίγον χρόνον Hdt.1.132
, al.; τὸ ἐπισχεῖν, opp. τὸ παραχρῆμα, Antipho 5.73; οὐ πολὺν χρόνον ἐπισχὼν ἧκεν came after a short interval, Pl.Phd. 59e; μικρὸν ἐπισχόντα διεφθείροντο they very shortly died, Thphr.HP4.4.13, cf. Diocl.Fr.43; in Th.2.81 οὐκ ἐπέσχον τὸ στρατόπεδον καταλαβεῖν did not halt for the purpose of occupying a camp (unless it, = ' had no intention of occupying').

b c. gen. rei, stop or cease from, ἐπίσχες τοῦ δρόμου Ar.Av. 1200
; τῆς πορείας X.Cyr.4.2.12
; τούτου Th.8.31
; also ἐ. περί τινος Id.5.32
, cf. 8.5: so c. inf., leave off, cease to do, X.Mem.3.6.10: c. part., cease doing, ἀναλῶν οὐκ ἐφέξεις Ar.Eq. 915
(lyr.), cf. E.Ph. 449.

c as technical term of the Sceptics, suspend judgement, doubt, Str.2.1.11, Ph.1.387, S.E.P.1.196; ἐ. ἐν τοῖς ἀδήλοις Plu. 2.955c
; < πρὸς> τὰ ἄδηλα Arr. Epict.1.7.5
.

3 [voice] Med., maintain reserve, ἐπείχετο [ἡ σύγκλητος] κατὰ τοὺς Ἀθηναίους Plb.30.19.17
(s. v.l.).

V reach or extend over a space, ἐπτὰ δ' ἐπέσχε πέλεθρα Il. 21.407
; ὁπόσσον ἐπέσχε πυρὸς μένος so far as the fire reached, 23.238, cf. Hdt.7.19, Th.2.77, f.l. in Hp.Aër.5, etc.: [tense] aor. [voice] Med., ἐπέσχετο he lay outstretched, Hes. Th. 177;
βούβρωστις ἐπέσχετο κόσμον
prevailed over.., Epigr.Gr.793.5
([place name] Apollonia); ἀφορία ἐ. τὸν βίον Longin.44.1
.

VI have power over, occupy a country, οἱ Σκύθαι τὴν Ἀσίην πᾶσαν ἐπέσχον Hdt.1.104
, cf. 108, 8.32, Th.2.101, 7.62, etc.; of things, ἐπ' ὀκτὼ μῆνας Κυρηναίους ὀπώρη ἐ. occupies or engages them, Hdt.4.199; τὴν πόλιν ἐπεῖχε κλαυθμός Plu.Oth.17
; ὧν τὰς χρόας τὸ
ἡμερινὸν φῶς ἐ.
overspreads, Pl.R. 508c
: κραυγῆς ἐπεχούσης τὴν ἐκκλησίαν D.S.13.87
; πρὸ τοῦ τὰ σώματα τὰς ὠδῖνας ἐπισχεῖν Sor.2.53
: generally, occupy, τὴν κρατίστην μοῖραν ἐ. hold the foremost place, Longin.9.1, cf. 44.12; ὕλης ἐ. τάξιν Stoic.3.27
; τὴν γῆν κέντρου λόγον ἐπέχουσαν D.L.7.155
, cf. Placit.3.Praef.; τὸν τέλειον ἐ. λόγον Gal.19.160
; δίκην ἐπέχειν ἡμᾶς φυτῶν we are like plants, MenoIatr. 6.18.

2 abs., prevail, predominate, ἢν μὴ λαμπρὸς ἄνεμος ἐπέχῃ Hdt.2.96
; σεισμοὶ ἐπέσχον ἐπὶ πλεῖστον μέρος γῆς Th.1.23
; πάντῃ ἐπεῖχε γαλήνη Timo 63; [
τῶν νεῶν] ἐπὶ πολὺ τῆς θαλάσσης ἐπεχουσῶν
being spread over.., Th.1.50
; τὴν [τύχην].., ἣ νῦν ἐπέχει D.18.253
; ἐτησίων ἐπεχόντων Plb.5.5.6
.

b of Time, continue, τὴν θύραν ἐπεῖχε κρούων Ar.Ec. 317
;
ἐπέχων καὶ οὐκ ἀνιείς
continuously, Pl.Tht. 165e
; ἐπὶ πλείους ἡμέρας ὁ σεισμὸς ἐπεῖχεν D.C.68.25
; σκότος, νὺξ ἐπέσχε, came on, Plu.Mar.20, Crass.30, etc.

VII [voice] Med., [tense] fut. ἐπιέξομαι, meet, Orac. in Michel855.39 (Magn. Mae.).

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπέχω
4 ἐπιγράφω

ἐπιγρᾰφ-ω,

A mark the surface, graze, ὀϊστὸς ἐπέγραψε χρόα φωτός Il.4.139
, cf. 13.553, Poll.4.179; μιν ἐπιγράψας having put a mark on the lot, Il. 7.187; ἄκροις δακτύλοις ἐ. trifle with dishes, Luc.Am.42.—In Hom. the word has not the sense of writing.

II. write upon, inscribe, γράμματα Hdt.3.88
; τάδε Id.4.88
; ἐ. ὀνομαστὶ τὰς πόλεις Th.1.132
, cf. D.59.97; ἐπίγραμμα ὃ.. προείλεθ' ἡ πόλις αὐτοῖς ἐπιγράψαι Id.18.289
: abs., ἐ. τοῖς ἀναθήμασι IG12.76.43
; esp. write or place an epitaph on a tomb, ib.14.1835, al., 7.2543.9: [voice] Med., have inscribed, ἐπεγράφου τὴν Γοργόνα Ar.Ach. 1095
(with play on 111.5); ἐλεγεῖον Th.1.132
:—[voice] Pass., of the inscription, to be inscribed upon, ἐπιγέγραπταί οἱ τάδε Hdt.5.77
, cf. 7.228; τῶν τῷ χρυσέῳ ἐπιγέγραπται Λακεδαιμονίων Id.1.51
; [ἐπίγραμμα] ὃ Μίδᾳ φασὶν ἐπιγεγράφθαι over or on the tomb of Midas, Pl.Phdr. 264c; ἐπιστολὴ -γεγραμμένη addressed, of a letter, Plb.16.36.4, cf. Plu.Cic.15; also, to have something inscribed upon one, ἐπεγράφοντο ῥόπαλα, ὡς Θηβαῖοι ὄντες used to bear clubs upon their shields, X.HG7.5.20; so ἀσπὶς ἐπιγεγραμμένη τὰς ὁμολογίας having the articles inscribed upon it, D.H.4.58.

2. entitle, τοῦτο τὸ δρᾶμα Καλλίμαχος ἐ. Εὐνοῦχον Ath.11.496f
; αἱ -όμεναι Μαιανδρίου ἱστορίαι Inscr.Prien.37.104
(ii B.C.).

3. sign, append a signature to, ἄφεσιν PSI4.392.6
(iii B.C.); ἐ. τὸν Ἀντώνιον sign Antonius' name, App.BC5.144; αὑτοῦ ποιήματα ἐπέγραψεν (sc. τοῖς Ἑρμαῖς) inscribed poems signed by himself, Pl.Hipparch. 228d.

4. write subsequently, αἱ ἐπιγραφεῖσαι διαθῆκαι J.AJ17.9.4
.

5. write over an erasure, POxy.34.14(ii A.D.).

III. freq.as law-term: 1. set down the penalty or damages in the title of an indictment (cf. ἐπίγραμμα 4
), τί δῆτά σοι τίμημ' ἐπιγράψω τῇ δίκῃ; Ar.Pl. 480; μέχρι πεντήκοντα δραχμῶν καθ' ἕκαστον ἀδίκημα ἐ. Lexap.Aeschin.1.38; τὰ ἐπιγεγραμμένα the damages claimed, D.29.8, cf. Pl.Lg. 915a; τιμημάτων - μένων Isoc.16.47
:—[voice] Med., Lexap.Aeschin.1.16.

b. of a lawgiver, assign a punishment, τὰ μέγιστα ἐπιτίμια Aeschin.1.14
:— [voice] Pass., Din.2.12.

c. make note of, enter, τὴν πρόφασιν, in inflicting a fine, Arist.Ath.8.4.

2. register the citizens' names and property, with a view to taxes, lay a public burden upon one (cf. ἐπιγραφή 11.2
), ἐμαυτῷ.. τὴν μεγίστην εἰσφοράν Isoc.17.41
, cf. Arist.Oec. 1351b2; ἐ. δήμοις καὶ δυνάσταις στρατιωτῶν καταλόγους Plu.Crass.17
, cf. PHib.1.44.3 (iii B.C., [voice] Pass.), etc.; but ἐ. τινὰ προστίμοις visit with penalties, D.S.12.12(s.v.l.).

b. assess, τὸ τρίτον μέρος PEdgar38.3
:—[voice] Pass., τὸ τίμημα τὸ -γεγραμμένον τοῖς χρήμασιν Lys.17.7
.

3. generally, register or enter in a public list, ἐπιγράψαι σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ἐπιτρόπους Is.6.36
; ἐ. τινὰ εἰς τοὺς πράκτορας register his name among the πράκτορες, Decr. ap. And.1.77 ([voice] Pass.):—[voice] Med., ἐπεγράψαντο πολίτας enrolled fresh citizens, Th.5.4; ξένην καὶ ξένον γονέας -ψάμενος D.57.51
; πῶς οἷόν τε τῷ ἀνδρὶ δύο πατέρας -ψασθαι; Is.4.4 (later in [voice] Act., ἑαυτῷ τινὰ πατέρα - γράφων claiming as his father, App.BC1.32).

4. [voice] Med., ἐπιγράφεσθαι μάρτυρας cause to be endorsed on a deposition as witnesses, D.54.31; κλητῆρα οὐδ' ὁντινοῦν ἐπιγραψάμενος Id.21.87
; but ἐπιγράφεσθαι τίμημα τῷ κλήρῳ set one's valuation on the property, Is.3.2.

5. προστάτην ἐπιγράψασθαι choose a patron, and enter his name as such in the public register (as μέτοικοι at Athens were obliged to do), Ar. Pax 684; so prob. ἐπεγράφοντο shd. be restored for - γραφον in Luc. Peregr.11; ἐπιγράψασθαί τινα κύριον D.43.15
; οἱ τὸν Πλάτωνα ἐπιγραφόμενοι, i.e. the Platonists, Luc.Herm.14:—[voice] Pass., κύριος ἐπιγεγράφθαι D.43.15
, cf. POxy.251.32 (i A.D.),al.

b. metaph., Ὅμηρον ἐπιγράφεσθαι attribute one's fluency to Homer, Luc.Dem.Enc.2; πρεσβυτέρους ἐ. χρόνους claim the authority of greater antiquity, Id.Am. 35.

IV. ἐπιγράψαι ἐαυτὸν ἐπί τι claim credit for, Aeschin.3.167; ἀλλοτρίοις ἐαυτὸν πόνοις Ael.NA8.2
, cf. Plu.Pomp.31; αὐτὸς ἐ. τὴν νίκην claim as his own, J.AJ7.7.5:—so [voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., τοιούτων ῥητόρων ἐπὶ τὰς τοῦ δήμου γνώμας ἐπιγραφομένων inscribing their names on.., Aeschin.1.188; ἐπιγράφεσθαι ἀλλοτρίαις γνώμαις D.59.43
; τὸν ἐπὶ τοῖς τῆς πόλεως ἀτυχήμασιν ἐπιγεγραμμένον Din.1.29
; οἱ ἐπιγεγραμμένοι ἢ φυλάττοντες the parties whose names were endorsed upon the συνθῆκαι as securities, Arist.Rh. 1376b4; οἱ ἐπιγραφόμενοι τοῖς δόγμασι D.H.6.84
; ἡμεῖς δ' ἐσμὲν ἐπιγεγραμμένοι we are merely the endorsers, Men.482.8.

V. ascribe to, τοῖς θεοῖς τὸ ἔργον Hld.8.9
(but θεὸν τῇ πομπῇ Philostr.VA8.12
):—[voice] Med., Φοίβῳ τὰς ἀνίσους χεῖρας AP9.263
(Antiphil.).

2. claim credit for, τὰ ὑπὸ ἄλλων εὑρημένα J.AJ3.4.2
; assume, προσωνυμίαν Plu Demetr.42; ἐπεγράψατο τὴν ἑαυτοῦ προσηγορίαν Id.Tim.36
:—[voice] Pass., of books, to be ascribed, τινί Gal.15.25
.

3. predicate of, φυγὴν οὐ φυγόντι Philostr.VS2.1.12
.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπιγράφω
5 εἰ

1
εἰ (Hom.+)

① marker of a condition, existing in fact or hypothetical, if (B-D-F §371f, neg. §428, 1; 2; Rob., indexes; JBoyer, Grace Theological Journal 2, ’81, 75–141, marker of a ‘simple, logical connection between protasis and apodosis’).

ⓐ w. the indic.

α. in all tenses, to express a condition thought of as real or to denote assumptions relating to what has already happened εἰ υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ θεοῦ if you really are the Son of God Mt 4:3; sim. 5:29f; 6:23; 8:31; Ac 5:39. εἰ σὺ Ἰουδαῖος ἐπονομάζῃ if you call yourself a Judean Ro 2:17. εἰ κατακαυχᾶσαι, οὐ σὺ βαστάζεις if you do boast, (remember) you do not support 11:18 al. In Paul the verb is freq. missing, and is to be supplied fr. the context: εἰ Χριστὸς ἐν ὑμῖν (sc. ἐστιν), τὸ μὲν σῶμα νεκρόν (sc. ἐστιν) 8:10. εἰ τέκνα (sc. ἐστέ) if you are children, then … vs. 17, εἰ χάριτι (γέγονεν), οὐκέτι ἐξ ἔργων 11:6 al. The negative in clauses where the reality of the condition is taken for granted is οὐ (earlier Gk. μή [for exception s. Goodwin p. 138f]; s. B-D-F §428, 1): εἰ οὐ δύναται τοῦτο παρελθεῖν Mt 26:42. εἰ δὲ ὑμεῖς οὐκ ἀφίετε Mk 11:25 [26] v.l. εἰ πιστοὶ οὐκ ἐγένεσθε Lk 16:11f; εἰ οὐκ ἀκούουσιν vs. 31. εἰ οὐ φοβοῦμαι Lk 18:4; cp. J 5:47; 10:37; Ro 8:9; 11:21; 1 Cor 7:9; 9:2; 11:6; 15:13ff, 29, 32; 16:22 al. εἰ is rarely found w. the future εἰ πάντες σκανδαλισθήσονται Mt 26:33; Mk 14:29; εἰ ἀρνησόμεθα 2 Ti 2:12 (cp. Just., A I, 31, 6 εἰ μὴ ἀρνοῖντο Ἰησοῦν); εἰ ὑπομενεῖτε 1 Pt 2:20; εἰ καὶ οὐ δώσει (class. ἐὰν καὶ μὴ δῷ B-D-F §372, 3; Rob. 1012) Lk 11:8. W. aor., when events are regarded as having taken place Mt 24:22; Mk 3:26; 13:20.

β. w. the pres., impf., aor., or plpf. indic. to express an unreal (contrary to fact) condition (B-D-F §360; 372; Rob. 1012ff). ἄν is usu. found in the apodosis (regularly in class.) εἰ ἐν Τύρῳ καὶ Σίδωνι ἐγένοντο αἱ δυνάμεις, πάλαι ἂν μετενόησαν if the wonders had been done in T. and S., they would have repented long ago Mt 11:21. εἰ ἤμεθα ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν if we had lived in the days of our fathers 23:30. εἰ ᾔδει ὁ οἰκοδεσπότης if the master of the house had known 24:43 (cp. Just., A I, 12, 2 εἰ … ταῦτα ἐγίνωσκον; 18, 1 al.) εἰ ἦν προφήτης, ἐγίνωσκεν ἄν if he were a prophet, he would know Lk 7:39 al. The pres. indic. εἰ ἔχετε (v.l. εἴχετε) πίστιν … ἐλέγετε ἄν if you had faith … you would say Lk 17:6. Somet. ἄν is lacking in the apodosis (Polyaenus 2, 3, 5 εἰ ἐπεποιήκειμεν … νῦν ἐχρῆν=if we had done … it would have been necessary; Mitt-Wilck. II/2, 16, 18 [II B.C.]; PRein I, 7 [II B.C.]; POxy 526, 10; 530, 8 and 17; Just., A I, 10, 6; 11:2 al.—PMelcher, De sermone Epict., diss. Halle 1905, 75; Mlt. 200f) εἰ μὴ ἦν οὗτος παρὰ θεοῦ, οὐκ ἠδύνατο if this man were not from God, he would not have been able to … J 9:33. εἰ μὴ ἦλθον, ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ εἴχοσαν if I had not come, they would not have sin 15:22; cp. vs. 24. W. the apodosis placed first Mk 9:42 (v.l. περιέκειτο), Lk 17:2; J 19:11.

ⓑ εἰ w. subj., as καὶ εἴ τις θελήσῃ Rv 11:5 (s. 7 below), is unusual, perh. a textual error; B-D-F §372, 3 conjectures κἄν for καὶ εἰ. But εἰ w. subj. is found in the older poets and Hdt. (Kühner-G. II 474), in Aristoph., Equ. 698 et al., in var. dialects (EHermann, Griech. Forschungen I 1912, 277f) and in later times (e.g. Epict., Vett. Val., Lucian [ed. CJacobitz, Index graec. 473a]; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. p. 84, 28; 197, 9; ins [Rdm.² 199]; PRyl 234, 12; POxy 496, 11; Dt 8:5); B-D-F §372, 3; Mlt. 187; Reinhold 107; OSchulthess, AKaegi Festschr. 1919, 161f.

ⓒ εἰ w. the optative is rare: εἰ καὶ πάσχοιτε … μακάριοι even if you should suffer, … you would be blessed 1 Pt 3:14. εἰ θέλοι (v.l. θέλει) τὸ θέλημα τοῦ θεοῦ if it should be God’s will vs. 17. εἴ τι ἔχοιεν (sc. κατηγορεῖν; cp. Just., A I, 3, 1 εἰ … μηδὲν ἔχοι τις ἐλέγχειν) πρὸς ἐμέ if they should have any charges to bring against me Ac 24:19. εἰ δυνατὸν εἴη (Jos., Ant. 12, 12) if it should be possible 20:16 (but s. B-D-F §385, 2; Just., A II, 15, 2 εἰ δύναιντο). εἰ τύχοι is used as a formula (oft. in later wr., incl. Philo; s. KReik, D. Opt. bei Polyb. u. Philo 1907, 154; Just., A I, 27, 3) it may be, for example, perhaps 1 Cor 15:37; used to tone down an assertion which may be too bold 14:10 (Lucian, Icar. 6 καὶ πολλάκις, εἰ τύχοι, μηδὲ ὁπόσοι στάδιοι Μεγαρόθεν Ἀθήναζέ εἰσιν, ἀκριβῶς ἐπιστάμενοι ‘and many times, so it appears, not even knowing how many stades it is from Megara to Athens’).

② marker of an indirect question as content, that (Kühner-G. II 369, 8; Rob. 965. Cp. Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 67 §283 ἀγανακτέω εἰ=be exasperated that; Sir 23:14 θελήσεις εἰ μὴ ἐγεννήθης; 2 Macc 14:28; 4 Macc 2:1; 4:7. S. on θαυμάζω 1aγ) ἐθαύμασεν εἰ ἤδη τέθνηκεν he was surprised that he was already dead Mk 15:44a. μὴ θαυμάζετε εἰ μισεῖ ὑμᾶς ὁ κόσμος do not wonder that the world hates you 1J 3:13; θαυμαζόντων …, εἰ τοσαύτη σπουδὴ ἦν τοῦ συλληφθῆναι that there was such interest in arresting MPol 7:2; AcPlCor 2:2 (cp. Just., A II, 8, 3 οὐδὲν … θαυμαστόν, εἰ). Sim. also (Procop. Soph., Ep. 123 χάριν ἔχειν εἰ=that) μαρτυρόμενος … εἰ παθητὸς ὁ Χριστός testifying … that the Christ was to suffer (s. πάσχω 3aα) Ac 26:23.—οὐ μέγα εἰ it is not surprising that 2 Cor 11:15 (cp. Aeschin., In Ctes. 94 ἐστὶ δεινὸν εἰ; Diod S 23, 15, 5, παράδοξον … εἰ=incredible … that; ibid. θαυμαστὸν εἰ; Gen 45:28 μέγα μοί ἐστιν εἰ).— That is also poss. after verbs of knowing or not knowing, e.g. J 9:25; Ac 19:2b; 1 Cor 1:16; 7:16; so CBurchard, ZNW 52, ’61, 73–82 but s. 5bα.

③ marker in causal clauses, when an actual case is taken as a supposition, where we also can use if instead of since: εἰ τὸν χόρτον … ὁ θεὸς οὕτως ἀμφιέννυσιν if God so clothes the grass Mt 6:30; Lk 12:28; cp. Mt 7:11; Lk 11:13; J 7:23; 10:35; 13:14, 17, 32; Ac 4:9; 11:17; Ro 6:8; 15:27; Col 2:20; Hb 7:15; 1 Pt 1:17; 1J 4:11.

④ marker of strong or solemn assertion, without apodosis (=in aposiopesis; B-D-F §482; Rob. 1203) εἰ ἔγνως if you only knew Lk 19:42. εἰ βούλει παρενέγκαι if you would only let (this) pass 22:42 v.l. (cp. the letter fr. IV B.C. in Dssm., LO 120, note 5 [LAE 149]).—Hebraistic in oaths, like אִם: may this or that happen to me, if … (cp. 2 Km 3:25; GBuchanan, HTR 58, ’65, 319–24); this amounts to a strong negation certainly not (cp. Ps 7:4f; Gen 14:23) ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν εἰ δοθήσεται truly, I tell you, it will not be given Mk 8:12 (NColeman, JTS 28, 1927, 159–67 interprets this as strongly positive; against him FBurkitt, ibid. 274–76). εἰ εἰσελεύσονται they shall certainly not enter Hb 3:11; 4:3, 5 (all 3 Ps 94:11); B-D-F §372, 4; 454, 5; Mlt-H. 468f; Rob. 94; 1024.

⑤ marker of direct and indirect questions (without particle following)

ⓐ (not in earlier Gk., B-D-F §440, 3; Rob. 916) w. direct questions (Gen 17:17; 44:19; Am 3:3–6; 6:12; TestAbr A 15 p.96, 8 [Stone p. 40]; 18 p. 100, 13 [St. p. 48]): εἰ ἔξεστιν; is it permitted, may one? Mt 12:10; 19:3 (cp. Mk 10:2); Lk 14:3 v.l.; Ac 21:37; 22:25. εἰ ὀλίγοι οἱ σωζόμενοι; are there only a few who will be saved? Lk 13:23; cp. Mk 8:23; Lk 22:49; Ac 1:6; 7:1; 19:2a. Cp. 6aβ.

ⓑ freq. in indir. questions whether (Hom. et al.)

α. w. pres. indic. (Gen 27:21; 42:16; TestJob 31:1; Jos., Ant. 10, 259; 16, 225; Ar 8, 1; Just., A I, 2, 2; A II, 2, 10) εἴπῃς εἰ σὺ εἶ ὁ Χριστός whether you are the Christ Mt 26:63. εἰ ἁμαρτωλός ἐστιν whether he is a sinner J 9:25; εἰ πνεῦμα ἅγιον ἔστιν whether there is a holy spirit Ac 19:2b (s. 2 above). ἴδωμεν εἰ ἔρχεται Mt 27:49; Mk 15:36 (Lucian, Dial. Mort. 20, 3 φέρʼ ἴδω εἰ=let me see whether, Merc. Cond. 6); cp. Mk 10:2; Lk 14:31; 1 Cor 3:12; 2 Cor 13:5; 1J 4:1.—W. the fut. indic. (4 Km 1:2; Job 5:1) εἰ θεραπεύσει αὐτόν whether he would heal him Mk 3:2 (v.l. θεραπεύει); Lk 6:7 v.l.; εἰ σώσεις whether you will save 1 Cor 7:16.—W. the aor. indic. (Esth 4:14; w. plpf. Just., D. 56, 2) εἰ πάλαι ἀπέθανεν whether he had already died Mk 15:44b; εἰ ἐβάπτισα 1 Cor 1:16.

β. w. subj. διώκω εἰ καταλάβω I press on (to see) whether I can capture Phil 3:12 (B-D-F §368; 375; Rob. 1017).

γ. w. opt. (X., An. 1, 8, 15; 2, 1, 15; 4 Macc 9:27; 11:13) ἀνακρίνοντες … εἰ ἔχοι ταῦτα examining … to see whether this was really so Ac 17:11. εἰ βούλοιτο πορεύεσθαι 25:20; cp. 17:27.

⑥ In combination w. other particles, w. the other particles foll.

ⓐ εἰ ἄρα

α. expressing possibility if, indeed; if, in fact; whether (perhaps) (X., An. 3, 2, 22; SIG 834, 12; Gen 18:3; s. B-D-F §454, 2) 1 Cor 15:15 (εἴπερ ἄρα); Hv 3, 4, 3; 3, 7, 5; Hs 6, 4, 1; 8, 3, 3; 9, 5, 7; AcPt Ox 849, 6.

β. introducing a direct question εἰ ἄρα ταῦτα οὕτως ἔχει; is it (really) so? Ac 7:1 v.l.; indirect qu. on the chance that (PPetr II, 13 [19] 9 ‘should you find it impossible’; Num 22:11) Mk 11:13; Ac 5:8 D; 8:22; in the hope that 17:27 (εἰ ἄρα γε); AcPt Ox 849, 2; 22. Cp. εἰ δέ … ; What if …? Ac 23:9.

ⓑ εἴ γε if indeed, inasmuch as (Kühner-G. II 177c) Eph 3:2; 4:21; Col 1:23. τοσαῦτα ἐπάθετε εἰκῇ; εἴ γε καὶ εἰκῇ have you experienced so many things in vain? If it really was in vain Gal 3:4. εἴ γε καὶ ἐκδυσάμενοι οὐ γυμνοὶ εὑρεθησόμεθα assuming, of course, that having put it off we shall not be found naked 2 Cor 5:3. [εἴ γ]ε οὕτως ὡς [ἔστιν καὶ παρελάβετε τὸν λόγον] AcPl BMM recto, 31f (restoration based on duplicate Ox 1602 verso, 37f and AcPl Ha 8, 24f, which has a slightly difft. text after εἴ γε [s. also the text of Ghent 62, 17 in HSanders, HTR 31, ’38, 79, n. 2]). S. γέ bα.

ⓒ εἰ δὲ καί (Just., D. 110, 1) but if, and if Lk 11:18; 1 Cor 4:7; and even if 2 Cor 4:3 (but s. Lietzmann, Hdb.); 11:6. If, on the other hand, … then AcPlCor 2:28 (εἰ … δέ … καί … μή).

ⓓ εἰ δὲ μή (γε) if not, otherwise

α. after affirmat. clauses, w. the aor. ind, and ἄν in the apodosis J 14:2; or pres. ind. (Demosth., Prooem. 29, 3) and fut. (Gen 30:1; Bel 29 Theod.; PLond 1912, 98) Rv 2:5, 16; or pres. impv. J 14:11.—εἰ δὲ μή γε (μήγε some edd.) otherwise (Pla. et al.; Epict. 3, 22, 27; Jos., Bell. 6, 120, Ant. 17, 113; Just., D. 105, 6; IGR IV, 833; POxy 1159, 6; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 167, 25; PGM 4, 2629; Da 3:15; Bel 8; TestSol 13:3 P): εἰ δὲ μή γε (sc. προσέχετε), μισθὸν οὐκ ἔχετε otherwise you have no reward Mt 6:1; cp. Lk 10:6. Elliptically: κἂν μὲν ποιήσῃ καρπὸν εἰς τὸ μέλλον• εἰ δὲ μή γε, ἐκκόψεις αὐτήν who knows, it may bear fruit next year; if not, fine, then cut it down (= have it cut down) 13:9.

β. after negat. clauses, otherwise (X., An. 7, 1, 8; Diod S 3, 47, 4; Dio Chrys. 10 [11], 100; LBW 1651 μὴ ἀδικεῖν…, εἰ δὲ μή; UPZ 196 I, 33 [119 B.C.]; Job 32:22) Mk 2:21f.—After a negative statement: οὐδὲ βάλλουσιν οἶνον νέον εἰς ἀσκοὺς παλαιούς. εἰ δὲ μή γε, ῥήγνυνται people do not pour new wine into old skins; otherwise they burst Mt 9:17; cp. Lk 5:36. μή τίς με δόξῃ ἄφρονα εἶναι• εἰ δὲ μή γε, κἂν ὡς ἄφρονα δέχασθέ με no one is to consider me foolish; otherwise at least accept me as a fool 2 Cor 11:16.

ⓔ εἰ καί even if, even though, although Lk 11:8; 18:4; 1 Cor 7:21; 2 Cor 4:16; 7:8; 12:11; Phil 2:17; Col 2:5; Hb 6:9; AcPlCor 2:32.

ⓕ εἰ μὲν γάρ for if Ac 25:11 v.l. (for εἰ μὲν οὖν); 2 Cor 11:4; Hb 8:4 v.l. (for εἰ μὲν οὖν).

ⓖ εἰ μὲν οὖν if, then Hb 7:11. W. εἰ δέ foll. (X., Cyr. 8, 7, 22; Ael. Aristid. 28, 156 K.=49 p. 542 D.) Ac 19:38.

ⓗ εἰ μέντοι if, on the other hand Js 2:8.

ⓘ εἰ μή (=πλήν) but 1 Cor 7:17 (= in general) (B-D-F §376).—After negatives

α. except, if not, mostly without a verb depending on εἰ μή (X., An. 2, 1, 12; JosAs 12:11; Just., A I, 29, 1) Mt 11:27; 12:24; 16:4; J 3:13; Ro 7:7; Gal 1:19 (HKoch, Z. Jakobusfrage Gal 1:19: ZNW 33, ’34, 204–9); but also with a verb (Jos., Ant. 8, 316) Mt 5:13; Mk 6:5; Ac 21:25 v.l.

β. but (OGI 201, 20f οὐκ ἀφῶ αὐτοὺς καθεσθῆναι εἰς τὴν σκιάν, εἰ μὴ ὑπὸ ἡλίου ἔξω; in note 33 the ed. gives exx. fr. Aristoph. for this use) without a verb Mt 12:4; w. a verb (Theod. Prodr. 7, 426 H.) Gal 1:7, s. ἄλλος 2b. For ἐκτὸς εἰ μή s. ἐκτός 3a.

ⓙ εἰ μήτι unless indeed, unless perhaps (Ael. Aristid. 46 p. 198 D.; Jos., Ant. 4, 280; Tat. 10, 2) Lk 9:13; 2 Cor 13:5; w. ἄν (Ps.-Clem., Hom. 16, 4) 1 Cor 7:5 (s. Dssm., NB 32, 1 [BS 204 n.]; B-D-F §376; Mlt. 169; 239; Reinhold 35; JTrunk, De Basilio Magno sermonis Attic. imitatore 1911, 56; JWackernagel, Antike Anredeformen 1912, 27f).

ⓚ εἰ οὖν if, therefore Mt 6:23; Lk 11:36; 12:26; J 13:14; 18:8; Col 3:1; Phlm 17.

ⓛ εἴπερ if indeed, if after all, since (X., An. 1, 7, 9; Menand., Epitr. 907 S. [587 Kö.]; PHal 7, 6; UPZ 59, 29 [168 B.C.]; Jdth 6:9; TestJob 3:6; Just., Tat., Ath.) Ro 3:30 (ἐπείπερ v.l.); 8:9, 17; 2 Th 1:6.—if indeed, provided that εἴπερ ἄρα (ἄρα 1a) 1 Cor 15:15. καὶ γὰρ εἴπερ for even if (cp. Od. 1, 167; B-D-F §454, 2) 1 Cor 8:5; on 2 Cor 5:3 s. εἴ γε καί 6b above. Doubtful IEph 6:2; s. ἤ 2aβ.

ⓜ if perchance, if haply εἰ δέ που … τις ἔλθοι if perchance … anyone came Papias (2:4).

ⓝ εἴ πως (the spelling εἴπως is also correct; B-D-F §12) if perhaps, if somehow

α. w. opt. (X., An. 2, 5, 2; 4, 1, 21; POxy 939, 15) εἴ πως δύναιντο παραχειμάσαι in the hope that they could spend the winter Ac 27:12.

β. w. fut. indic. (3 Km 21:31; 4 Km 19:4; Jer 28:8; TestJos 6:6) εἴ πως εὐοδωθήσομαι whether, perhaps, I shall succeed Ro 1:10; cp. 11:14; Phil 3:11.

ⓞ εἴτε … εἴτε (Soph. et al.; ins since 416 B.C. [Meisterhans³-Schw.]; pap [Mayser II/3, 159]; LXX; JosAs 5:9; ApcrEzk [Epiph 70, 11]; Jos., Ant. 16, 33 and 37; Just., Ath. B-D-F §446; 454, 3; Rob. ind.) if … (or) if, whether … or

α. w. a verb in pres. indic. (Herm. Wr. 12, 22 thrice) 1 Cor 12:26; 2 Cor 1:6; or pres. subj. 1 Th 5:10.

β. w. no verb (Just., D. 86, 3 al.) Ro 12:6–8; 1 Cor 3:22; 8:5; 2 Cor 5:10 al. εἴτε only once 1 Cor 14:27. εἴτε ἄρσενα εἴτε θήλειαν (ἤτε … ἤτε pap) GJs 4:1.

⑦ Used w. the indef. pron.: εἴ τις, εἴ τι everyone who or whoever; everything that or whatever Mt 16:24; 18:28; Mk 4:23; 9:35; Lk 9:23; 14:26; 1 Ti 3:1, 5; 5:4, 8, 16 al. Cp. 1 Cor 12:31 v.l. (ADebrunner, ConNeot XI, ’47, 37). W. subj. εἴ τις θελήσῃ Rv 11:5 s. 1b, above.—DELG. M-M.
2
εἰ μήν, more correctly εἶ μήν (B-D-F §24; Rob. 1150) for the older ἦ μήν (Hom. et al. [s. Denniston 350f], but found also Jos., Ant. 13, 76; 17, 42), in Hellenistic-Roman times (SIG 993, 20 [III B.C.]; 736, 27 [92 B.C.]; IG IV, 840, 15 [EHermann, Gr. Forschungen I 1912, 312]; pap since 112 B.C. [Mayser 78]; LXX e.g. Ezk 33:27; 34:8 al.; Num 14:28; Jdth 1:12; Bar 2:29 [Thackeray 83]) formula used in oaths surely, certainly Hb 6:14 (Gen 22:17).—Dssm., NB 33ff (BS 205ff).—M-M.

Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > εἰ
6 ἐνσκευάζω

ἐνσκευ-άζω,

A get ready, prepare, δεῖπνον Ar.Ach. 1096
; harness, ἵππους Polyaen.7.21.6
:—[voice] Med., contrive, διαβολάς J.BJ1.3.2
.

2 dress in, ἱματίῳ τινά Plu.Lyc.15
, cf. Luc.Nec.8; ὁτιή σε.. Ἡρακλέα νεσκεύασα dressed you up as Hercules, prob.l.in Ar.Ra. 523:—[voice] Med., dress oneself up, Id.Ach. 384, Pl.Cri. 53d; δουλικῶς Phryn.Com.2
D.; arm oneself, X.Cyr.8.5.11; ἱππεῖς -σάμενοι τοὺς ἵππους having put trappings on their horses, Jul.Or.2.76d:—but [voice] Med. just like [voice] Act., Luc.Asin.37:—[voice] Pass., to be equipped, ἐνεσκεύαστο γὰρ οὕτως Hdt.9.22
; ἀναξυρίσι καὶ χειρῖσιν ἐ. Plu.Oth.6
; εἰς εἰκόνα τοῦ δημιουργοῦ, τοῦ ἡλίου, Porph.ap Eus.PE3.12: metaph., σωφροσύνην ἐνεσκευασμένος Ph.1.682
.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐνσκευάζω
7 ἐξαμείβω

ἐξᾰμείβω,

A exchange, alter, σαρκὸς ἐξαμείψασαι τρόμον having put away fear from one, E.Ba. 607 (troch.); ἄλλην ἄλλοτε χρόαν Plu.2.590c
:—[voice] Med., exchange places with, i. e. take the place of, ἔργου δ' ἔργον ἐξημείβετο one labour came hard upon another, E.Hel. 1533.

2 intr. in [voice] Act., φόνῳ φόνος ἐξαμείβων Id.Or. 816
(lyr.).

II of Place, change one for another, pass over, c. acc., A.Pers. 130 (lyr.), E.Ph. 131; so ἐξαμείψας Μακεδονίαν εἰς Θετταλίαν ἀφίκετο X.Ages.2.2
: abs., withdraw, depart, E.Or. 272:—so in [voice] Med., pass, διά τινος Id.Fr.781.45
; τηνεῖ πρὸς τὴν σχοῖνον ἐξαμείβεο APl.4.255
.

III [voice] Med., requite, repay, τινὰ ποιναῖς A.Pr. 225
(v.l. ἀντημείψατο).

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐξαμείβω
8 προΐστημι

προ-ΐστημι: only aor. 1 part., προστήσᾶς, having put forward (in the front), w. inf., Il. 4.156†.

A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > προΐστημι
9 γέ

γέ (Hom.+; apolog. exc. Ar.) enclit. particle, appended to the word or words it refers to; as in Hom.+ it serves to “focus the attention upon a single idea, and place it, as it were, in the limelight: differing thus from δή, which emphasizes the reality of a concept (though in certain respects the usages of the two particles are similar)” (Denniston 114). In oral utterance it would be accompanied by a change in pitch of voice at certain points in the context, and a translator may use an adverb or indicate the point through word order, choice of typeface, or punctuation at least, even, indeed, etc.

ⓐ without other particles

α. limiting at least, at any rate (cp. Just., A I, 4, 4 ὅσον γε ἐκ τοῦ ὀνόματος ‘at least so far as [one can derive a reason for punishment] from the name Christian’): at least διά γε τὴν ἀναίδειαν at least because of (his) shamelessness, persistence (?) Lk 11:8. διά γε τὸ παρέχειν μοι κόπον yet because she bothers me 18:5.

β. intensive (Mel., HE 4, 26, 11 πολύ γε φιλανθρωποτέραν [γνώμην]; cp. Just., D. 127, 2 [of God] ὅς γε ἦν καὶ πρὶν τὸν κόσμον γενέσθαι): even ὅς γε τοῦ ἰδίου υἱοῦ οὐκ ἐφείσατο who did not spare even his own son Ro 8:32. ἁμαρτία γέ ἐστιν indeed, it is a sin Hv 1, 1, 8.

ⓑ added to other particles (for ἄρα γε s. ἄρα, ἆρα; for ἀλλά γε s. ἀλλά):

α. εἴ γε if indeed, inasmuch as (Kühner-G. II 177c) Eph 3:2; 4:21; Col 1:23. τοσαῦτα ἐπάθετε εἰκῇ; εἴ γε καὶ εἰκῇ have you experienced so many things in vain? If it really was in vain Gal 3:4. εἴ γε καὶ ἐκδυσάμενοι οὐ γυμνοὶ εὑρεθησόμεθα assuming, of course, that we shall not be found naked after having put off (our earthly habitation) (sim. NRSV; difft. REB) 2 Cor 5:3. S. also AcPl Ha 8, 24f s.v. εἰ 6b.

β. εἰ δὲ μή γε otherwise (Pla. et al.; Epict. 3, 22, 27; Jos., Bell. 6, 120, Ant. 17, 113; IRG IV, 833; POxy 1159, 6; Mitt-Wilck I/2, 167, 25; PGM 4, 2629; Da 3:15; Bel 8).

א. after affirmative clauses: εἰ δὲ μή γε (sc. προσέχετε), μισθὸν οὐκ ἔχετε otherwise you have no reward Mt 6:1; cp. Lk 10:6. Elliptically: κἂν μὲν ποιήσῃ καρπὸν εἰς τὸ μέλλον• εἰ δὲ μή γε, ἐκκόψεις αὐτήν if in the future it bears fruit (very well); otherwise have it cut down 13:9.

ב. after a negative statement: οὐδὲ βάλλουσιν οἶνον νέον εἰς ἀσκοὺς παλαιούς. εἰ δὲ μή γε, ῥήγνυνται new wine is not poured into old skins; otherwise they burst Mt 9:17; cp. Lk 5:36. No one is to consider me foolish; but if you do, treat me as you would a fool (i.e. let me enjoy some of the prerogatives) 2 Cor 11:16.

γ. καί γε (without a word between [older Gk. sometimes inserts a word between καί and γε: e.g., Pla., Phd. 58d, Pol. 7, 531a]: Hippocr., Septim. 9 vol. VII 450; Cornutus 9 p. 40, 12; Περὶ ὕψους 13, 2; Apsines Rhetor [III A.D.] p. 332, 17 Hammer; LXX; TestReub 4:4 al.) limiting: at least Lk 19:42 v.l. Intensive: even (Jos., Ant. 20, 19) Ac 2:18 (Jo 3:2 v.l.). καί γε οὐ μακράν though he is really not far 17:27. Cp. Hm 8:5; 9:9.—Kühner-G. II 176b; B-D-F §439, 2; Rdm. 35f, 37; Rob. 1129. S. also καί 2iβ.

δ. καίτοι γε and yet; though, of course (Epict. 3, 24, 90) J 4:2; Dg 8:3.—Kühner-G. II 151–52; B-D-F §439, 1; 450, 3; Rob. 1129. S. also καί 2iδ.

ε. μενοῦνγε in NT somet. at the beginning of its clause, contrary to older usage (Phryn. 342 Lob.), stating a correction rather Lk 11:28 v.l.; Ro 9:20; 10:18; Phil 3:8.—B-D-F §450, 4; Hdb. on Ro 9:20. S. also μενοῦν.

ζ. μήτι γε not to mention, let alone 1 Cor 6:3 (also Pla., Ep. 4, 321a; Demosth. 21, 148; Strabo 1, 1, 13; other exx. in Wettstein; PLond I, 42, 23 p. 30 [II B.C.]; B-D-F §427, 3). S. also μήτι.

η. γέ τοι indeed, only in the stereotyped transition formula πέρας γέ τοι and furthermore B 5:8; 10:2; 12:6; 15:6, 8; 16:3 (s. πέρας 3 and τοί).

θ. ὄφελόν γε would that indeed 1 Cor 4:8.—S. also γοῦν.—DELG. M-M.

Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > γέ
10 προβάλλω

προβάλλω, [tense] fut. - βᾰλῶ: [tense] pf. - βέβληκα: [dialect] Ep.[tense] aor.2

A προβάλεσκον Od. 5.331
: Hom. has only [tense] aor. [voice] Act. and [voice] Med. without augm.:— throw or lay before, throw to, Νότος Βορέῃ προβάλεσκε [σχεδίην] φέρεσθαι l.c.; τοὺς μαζοὺς κυσὶ προέβαλε Hdt.9.112
; τρωγάλια τοῖς θεωμένοις Ar.Pl. 798
; πυροὺς ὀλίγους π. Id.Av. 626
; π. τινὰ ταῖς Νύμφαις Pl.Phdr. 241e
; ἀνδρὶ δέμας, of a woman, E.Cret.6: without dat., π. ἀκήδευτα τὰ σώματα Plu.Per.28
.

II put forward, π. πρόβλημα Pl.Sph. 261a
; ἄμφω τὰ δεξιὰ προβεβληκώς, of a horse, Arist.Po. 1460b19 (also [voice] Med., τὰ ἀριστερὰ προβάλλονται Id.IA 706a6
); χλαμύδα ἀλώπεκι Paus.4.18.6
; π. αὐτὸν ἐς τὸ μέσον Luc.Cat.25
: metaph., ἀγαθὴν ἐλπίδα π. σαυτῷ Men.572
:—[voice] Pass., v. infr. B.111.1.

b in obstetrics, present, [voice] Act. and [voice] Pass., Hp.Mul.1.69, Sor.2.60, al.

2 ἔριδα προβαλόντες putting forth strife, i.e. striving, Il.11.529.

3 put forward as an argument or plea, ἐπεί μοι τὴν θέμιν προὔβαλες S.Tr. 810
; Κύπριν E. Hec. 825
; τοὔνομα τὸ τῆς εἰρήνης D.9.8
:—[voice] Pass., τὸν ὑφ' ἁπάντων προβαλλόμενον λόγον Th.6.92
; ἐς ἐνθυμίαν αἰεὶ προβαλλόμενος Id.5.16
.

4 [voice] Med., put forward, propose for an office, λῃτουργεῖν π. γυμνασίαρχον And.1.132
:—[voice] Pass., v. infr. B.1.4.

5 propound a question, task, problem, riddle (cf. πρόβλημα IV), Ar.Nu. 757, Pl.R. 536d; αἴνιγμα, γρῖφον, Id.Chrm. 162b, Antiph.74.5; χαλεπὴν π. ᾱἵρεσιν Pl. Sph. 245b
; εὔσκεπτον σκέψιν π. Id.Phlb. 65d
; ὰπορίαν Arist.Pol. 1283b35: later folld. by interrog. clause, πρόβαλε σαυτῷ τί ἂν ἐποίησεν ἐν τούτῳ Σωκράτης Epict.Ench.33.12
; θεοῦ προβαλόντος πότερον.. Aristid.1.41
J.:—[voice] Pass., προβάλλεται τάδε θεωρῆσαι, περὶ τοῦ κώνου προβεβλημένα ἐστὶ τάδε, Archim.Con.Sph.Praef., Spir.Praef.

6 put forth beyond, κάρα.. ὀχημάτων S.El. 740
; τῶν ὀδόντων τὴν γλῶσσαν Aret.SA1.7
; φλέγμα καὶ ἀφρῶδες ἐκ τοῦ στόματος Philum.Ven.1.2
.

III expose, give up, π. σφέας αὐτοὺς ὑπὸ τοῦ κακοῦ give themselves up for lost, Hdt.7.141; ἐμαυτὸν εἰς ἀρὰς δεινάς S.OT 745
;
ψυχὴν π. ἐν κύβοισι δαίμονος
hazard, venture, E.Rh. 183
.

IV send forth, emit, τράγου ὀσμήν v.l. (for προς- ) in Dsc.4.50; τὴν φωνὴν ὀξεῖαν π. D.S.3.8
; ἦχον τραχύν Id.5.30
, etc.; produce, καρπόν J.AJ 4.8.19
; ἄνθος Aët.12.1
:—[voice] Pass., c. gen., to be emitted from, αἱ τῶν θεῶν δυνάμεις προβεβλημέναι τῶν πρώτων Procl.in Prm.p.552S.

V intr., stick out, of the tongue, Arist.PA 660a24.

2 fall forward, εἰς τὸ μέτωπον Sch.Ar.Av. 487.

B [voice] Med. with [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. (used also in pass. sense, v. infr.):— throw or toss before one, οὐλοχύτας προβάλοντο Il.1.458
, al.: hence, throw away, expose, S.Ph. 1017.

2 set before or in front, θεμείλιά τε προβάλοντο Il.23.255
.

3 set before oneself, propose to oneself, ἔργον Hes. Op. 779
.

4 put forward, propose for election, Hdt.1.98, Pl.Lg. 755c sq., X.An.6.1.25, IG22.1343.29, etc.; προβαλλόμενος ἑαυτόν D. 21.15
:—[voice] Pass., Hdt. l.c., Pl.l.c., etc.; προβληθεὶς πυλάγορος οὗτος D. 18.149
, cf.285.

5 c. dat. et inf., challenge a person to..,π. μοι [ὀμόσαι] Mitteis Chr.32i14, cf. ii 13(ii B.C.):—[voice] Pass., of the oath, to be proposed as a challenge, ib.ii 25, Sammelb. 5231.9 (i A.D.).

II throw beyond, beat in throwing: hence, surpass, excel, c. gen. pers. et dat. rei, ἐγὼ δέ κε σεῖο νοήματί γε προβαλοίμην Il.19.218
.

III hold before oneself so as to protect, λαιᾷ ἴτυν Tyrt.15.3
; Πηλεΐδᾳ κατ' ὄμμα πέλταν E.Rh. 370
(lyr.); τὼ χεῖρε Ar.Ra. 201
; π. τὰ ὅπλα level arms, opp. μεταβάλλεσθαι (cf. προβολή 1
), τὴν φάλαγγα ἐκέλευσε προβαλέσθαι τὰ ὅπλα καὶ ἐπιχωρῆσαι X.An.1.2.17
, cf. 6.5.16, Mem.3.8.4: in [tense] pf. [voice] Pass., σάρισαν προβεβλημένος having his pike advanced, with levelled pike, D.S.17.100; τοὺς θυρεοὺς πρὸ τῶν νώτων.. -βεβλημένοι Arr.Tact.36.1
; εἰκοσάπηχύν τινα προβεβλ. κοντόν Luc.DMort.27.4
; also προβεβλημένοι τοὺς θωρακοφόρους having them to cover one in front, X.Cyr. 6.3.24; π. τάφρον, ποταμόν, of a general, Plb.1.18.3, 2.5.5; π. τῆς.. στρατοπεδείας τεῖχος Id.1.48.10
, etc.; πόλις -βεβλημένη ποταμόν Str. 11.2.17
; π. τὰ θηρία πρὸ τῶν κεράτων, λογχοφόρους τῆς δυνάμεως, Plb.3.72.9, 3.113.6: abs., stand in front, πρὸ ἀμφοῖν προβεβλημένος standing so as to cover both, X.An.4.2.21, cf. Cyr.2.3.10: c. gen., τούτου προβέβληται Πολύευκτος D.21.139
; προβάλλεσθαι ἢ ἐναντίον βλέπειν οὔτ' οἶδεν οὔτ' ἐθέλει Id.4.40
; προαίρεσις τῆς πολιτείας προβεβλημένη a guarded policy, Id.19.27; πρὸς ἅπαντας -βεβλημένος on one's guard against, Plu. Dio 9:—[voice] Pass., ἱππῆς προβέβληνται πρὸ τοῦ δεξιοῦ κέρως Arr.Tact.36.2
; κράνη πρὸ τῆς κεφαλῆς π. ib.34.3.

2 metaph., put forward, τὴν ἀγαθὴν προβαλλόμενος ἐλπίδα D.18.97
; ταύτην τὴν συμμαχίαν ib.195; τὴν Εὔβοιαν προβαλέσθαι πρὸ τῆς Ἀττικῆς ib.301, cf. 300, Isoc.5.122; τι πρὸ τῆς αἰσχύνης Aeschin.3.11
.

b bring forward, cite on one's own part, in defence, τὸν Ὅμηρον π. Pl.La. 201b
; π. μάρτυρας Is.7.3
, etc.; ὁ προβαλόμενος one who has brought evidence, Lex ap.D.46.10; cite as an example, ἔθνος οὐδὲν ἔχομεν προβαλέσθαι σοφίης πέρι Hdt.4.46
; use as an excuse or pretext, Th.2.87, etc.; τὸ εὐπρεπὲς ἄσπονδον προβέβληνται Id.1.37
; π. σκῆψιν, πρόφασιν, Plb.5.56.7, 15.20.3.

IV in [dialect] Att. law, accuse a person by προβολή (v. προβολή v), present him as guilty of the offence, προὐβαλόμην ἀδικεῖν τοῦτον περὶ τὴν ἑορτήν D.21.1
(cf. Harp. s.v. προβαλλομένους) ; π. τινά τι ib.28; τινα alone, ib. 175; ὁ προβαλλόμενος the prosecutor in a προβολή, ib. 179:—[voice] Pass., to be accused or presented, προὐβλήθησαν X.HG1.7.35
: generally, attack, censure, τὸ ἔθος D.H.4.24
, cf. Ph.2.137; τοὺς ψευδομένους J.BJ2.8.7
(s. v.l.), cf. Plu.CG14; opp. [full] ἐπαινεῖν, Id.2.18d.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προβάλλω
11 παραβάλλω

παραβάλλω, [tense] fut. - βᾰλῶ: [tense] aor. 2 παρέβᾰλον: [tense] pf. - βέβληκα:—

A throw beside or by, throw to one, as fodder to horses, παρὰ δέ σφισι βάλλετ' ἐδωδήν Il.8.504
, cf. 5.369; πὰρ δ' ἔβαλον ζειάς Od.4.41
; π. [τοῖς ἵπποις] ἀμβροσίαν Pl.Phdr. 247e
; π. τοὺς ἀνθρώπους τοῖς ὄχλοις Plb.38.17.2
; πυρὶ φρύγανα π. add fuel to the flame, Arr.Epict.2.18.5, cf. 2.18.12:— [voice] Pass., παραβληθῆναι [τοῖς θηρίοις] D.C.59.10; τάριχος.. ἀπόνως παραβεβλημένον thrown carelessly before people, Ar.Fr. 333:—[voice] Med., μάζας ἐπὶ κάλαμον παραβαλλόμενοι ordering them to be served up, Pl.R. 372b.

b throw in, φακέλους ἐς τὸ μεταξύ Th.2.77
, cf. 6.99.

2 hold out to one as a bait, X.Cyn.11.2.

3 cast in one's teeth, τινί τι Aeschin.3.189
; object, offer in rejoinder, τῷ πρώτῳ -βληθήσεται τοιοῦτος λόγος Phld.Ir.p.95
W.

II expose, παρέβαλέν τ' ἐμὲ παρὰ γένος ἀνόσιον put me in their power, Ar.Av. 333 (lyr.); τῇ τύχῃ.. αὑτὸν π. Philippid.6
(v.l. for προ-) ; ἂν δ' ἀληθινὸν σαυτὸν παραβάλλῃς if you present, show yourself.., Posidipp.26:—freq. in [voice] Med., expose oneself or what is one's own to hazard or danger, αἰὲν ἐμὴν ψυχὴν παραβαλλόμενος πολεμίζειν risking it in war, Il.9.322; π. τὰ τέκνα risk the lives of one's children, Hdt.7.10.
θ; παῖδας Th.2.44
; πλείω παραβαλλόμενοι having greater interests at stake, Id.3.65; οὐκ ἴσα π. X.Cyr.2.3.11
: [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. in med. sense, Λακεδαιμονίοις πλεῖστον δὴ παραβεβλημένοι having risked far the most upon them, Th.5.113; also τὸν κίνδυνον τῶν σωμάτων παραβαλλομένους Id.3.14
; venture, πρὸς τὴν θάλατταν ὅταν -βάλωνται Plb.1.37.9
; π. καὶ τολμᾶν Id.18.53.2
: c. dat., π. τοῖς ὅλοις Id.2.26.6
; τῷ βίῳ IG12(3).1286.22
([place name] Astypalaea): c. inf., venture to do, Plu.Pel.8:—[voice] Pass., παραβεβλημένον τι εἰπεῖν make an unguarded statement, Philostr.VA4.42.

b in wagering, deposit one's stake, Plu.Cat.Mi.44.

2 [voice] Pass., c. dat., to be given up to, πόρναισι καὶ κύβοισι παραβεβλημένος Ar.Pl. 243
.

III set beside or parallel with, Arist.PA 668a17 ([voice] Pass.), cf. Rh. 1419b35; Εὔβοια τῇ ἠπείρῳ παραβεβλημένη lying parallel with, Str.9.1.22: hence,

2 compare one with another, Isoc.9.34, etc.; τι παρά τι Pl.Grg. 472c
; π. [ἵππον] ἵππῳ match one against another, X.Eq.9.8:—in [voice] Med., παραβάλλομαί σοι (sc. ὄρνιθι) θρήνους I set my songs against.., E.IT 1094 (lyr.): abs., παραβαλλόμεναι vying with one another, Id.Andr. 289 (lyr.); [ἀφορμὰς] αἷς οὔτε Ἁρμόδιος παραβεβλήσεται Philostr.VA5.34
:—freq. in [voice] Pass., π. τινί Hdt.4.198
; πρός τι Hp.Art.51
, X.Mem.2.4.5; παρά τι Pl.Grg. 475e
; ἀπάτα δ' ἀπάταις παραβαλλομένα one piece of treachery set against another, S.OC 231 (lyr.).

3 bring alongside, in [voice] Med., τὴν ἄκατον παραβάλλου bring your boat alongside, heave to, Ar.Eq. 762; ἐφόλκιον Plu.Pomp.73
; also π. τὼ κωπίω Ar.Ra. 269
: abs., παραβαλοῦ ib. 180: metaph., παραβάλλου λοιδορῶν avast with your abuse! Plu.2.711d.

IV throw, turn, bend sideways, ὄμμα π. θύννου δίκην cast it askance, A.Fr. 308; τὸν ὀφθαλμὸν παράβαλλ' ἐς Καρίαν Ar.Eq. 173
; τὠφθαλμὼ παραβάλλεις Id.Nu. 362
(referred to by Pl.Smp. 221b); π. τὸ ἕτερον οὖς πλάγιον X.Cyn.5.32
; π. τὰ ὦτα apply one's ears to listen, Pl.R. 531a; παραβαλὼν τὴν κεφαλήν Id.Phd. 103a
; Ἡρακλεῖ στόμα π. lend one's mouth to Heracles, i.e. join in his praise, Pi.P.9.87 (v.l. περιβ-) ; π. τοὺς γομφίους lay to one's grinders, Ar. Pax34; π. τὸ θύριον τοῦ λόγου, metaph., put to the door.., close it, Plu.2.94 of.

V deposit with one, entrust to him, τινί τι Hdt.2.154
.

VI in [voice] Med., deceive, betray, Id.1.108, Th.1.133, Alc.Com.30 ([voice] Act. in the same sense, Hsch.; cf. παραβαλλέταιρος).

VII Geom., π. παρά .. apply a figure to a finite line, παραλληλόγραμμον π. παρὰ εὐθεῖαν Euc.6.27
, cf. Archim.Aequil.2.1.

2 since to apply an area xy to a line of length x is to divide xy by x, π. = divide, τι παρά τι Dioph.5.10
, al.; cf. παρά C. 1.4c.

B intr., come near, approach, Pl.Ly. 203b, PPetr.3p.102 (iii B. C.), etc.; enter, Arist.Pol. 1331a34; π. ἀλλήλοις meet one another, Pl.R. 556c; f.l. for περιβάλῃ, ib. 499b;
παρέβαλεν Ἀναξιμένει τῷ ῥήτορι
was a pupil of A.
, Plu.2.846f.

II go by sea, cross over, παρέβαλε νηυσὶ ἰθὺ Σκιάθου Hdt.7.179
, cf. Philipp. ap. D.12.16, Arist.Mir. 836a29; of ships, ναῦς Πελοποννησίων ἐς Ἰωνίαν π. Th.3.32
.

III come alongside, bring to, περὶ Ῥόδον παραβαλόντος ναυτικοῦ στόλου Arist.GA 763a31
; παραβαλόντες τῇ πεντήρει having come alongside of her, in a sea-fight, Plb.15.2.12, cf. 1.22.9: generally, come to land, of quails, Arist.HA 597b15:—in [voice] Med., put in, πρός τινας Philostr. VA6.16
.

IV metaph., direct one's course towards, εἰς ἡδονάς Arist.EN 1153b34
.

V Astrol., to be in the same right ascension as, c. dat., Cat.Cod.Astr.1.113, 5(1).188.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > παραβάλλω
12 ζεύγνυμι

ζεύγνῡμι,

A ζεύγνῡσι A.Pers. 191
, ([etym.] ὑπο-) Pl.Plt. 309a; [ per.] 2pl. imper. ζεύγνῠτε E.Rh.33
(lyr.); inf. - ύναι ([etym.] μετα-) X.Cyr.6.3.21, [dialect] Ep. ζευγνῦμεν Il.16.145
; part. ζευγνύς Hdt.1.206
, 4.89; [tense] impf. [ per.] 3pl. ἐζεύγνῠσαν Id.7.33
, [dialect] Ep. ζεύγν- Il.24.783
: also [full] ζευγνύω Hdt.1.205, Plb.5.52.4, etc.: [tense] impf. ἐζεύγνυον Hdt.4.89
([dialect] Ep. ζεύγν- v.l. Il.19.393): [tense] fut. ζεύξω Pi.I.1.6
, etc.: [tense] aor. 1 ἔζευξα Od.3.478
, etc.: late [tense] pf. ἔζευχα ([etym.] ἐπ-) Philostr.VA2.14:—[voice] Med., [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf. [ per.] 3 dual ζευγνύσθην Il.24.281
, [ per.] 3pl. ἐζεύγνυντο Od.3.492
: [tense] fut. ζεύξομαι E.Hec. 469
(lyr.), etc.: [tense] aor. 1 ἐζευξάμην Hdt.3.102
, E. Ion 901 (lyr.):—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. ζευχθήσομαι ([etym.] δια-) Gal.9.938: [tense] aor.1 ἐζεύχθην Pi.O.3.6
, Hdt.7.6, A.Ag. 842, Pl.Plt. 302e: more commonly [tense] aor. 2 ἐζύγην [ῠ] Pi.N.7.6, E.Supp. 822 (lyr.), ([etym.] συ-) Pl.R. 546c: [tense] pf. ἔζευγμαι Il.18.276
: [tense] plpf. ἔζευκτο Hdt.4.85
.—Usu. in [tense] aor. [voice] Act. in Hom.: the simple Verb is rare in [dialect] Att. Prose:—yoke, put to, ὑπ' ὄχεσφιν ἵππους Il.23.130
; ὑφ' ἅρμασιν ἵππους 24.14
; ὑπ' ἀμάξῃσιν βόας ἡμιόνους τε ib. 783; κἄζευξα πρῶτος ἐν ζυγοῖσι κνώδαλα A.Pr. 462
:—[voice] Med. (esp. in Od.), ἵππους ζεύγνυσθαι put to one's horses, Od.3.492, al.: abs., ζευγνύσθην Il.24.281
; ζεύξομαι ἆρα πώλους E.Hec. 469
(lyr.); καμήλους Hdt.3.102
; of riding horses, harness, saddle and bridle, ζεῦξαι Πάγασον Pi.O.13.64
, cf.Ar. Pax 128, 135; of chariots, put to, get ready, ζ. ἅρμα, ὄχους, Pi.P.10.65, E.Andr. 1020(lyr.):—[voice] Med., τέθριππα Id.Alc. 428
.

2 bind fast, ἀσκοὺς δεσμοῖς X.An.3.5.10
: —[voice] Pass., φάρη.. ἐζευγμέναι πόρπαισιν having them fastened.., E.El. 317.

3 metaph., πότμῳ ζυγείς in the yoke of fate, Pi.N.7.6; ζυγεὶς ἐν ἅρμασι πημάτων A.Ch. 795
(lyr.); ἀνάγκῃ ζυγείς S.Ph. 1025
; ζεύχθη was tamed, Id.Ant. 955 (lyr.); θεσφάτοις.. ζυγείς E.Supp. 220
; ὁρκίοισι ζ. Id.Med. 735; μοναρχία ζευχθεῖσα ἐν γράμμασιν ἀγαθοῖς Pl.Plt. 302e
: —[voice] Med., τόνδ' ἐν ὅρκοις ζεύξομαι E.Supp. 1229
.

II join together, σανίδες.. μακραὶ ἐΰξεστοι ἐζευγμέναι well-joined, Il.18.276 (elsewh. in Hom. only in signf. 1); ζεῦξαι ὀδόντας, in setting a fractured jaw, Hp.Art. 32; τὼ πόδε ζευγνύντες, of sculptors who made their statues with joined feet, Hld.3.13.

2 join in wedlock, ἐπειδὰν εὐφρόνη ζεύξῃ μία yokes her in wedlock, S.Fr.583.11; of the parents or authors of the marriage, τίς ταύτην ἔζευξε; E.IA 698; ζ. τὴν θυγατέρα τινί App. BC2.14
, cf. Ath.12.554d:—in [voice] Med., of the husband, wed, ἄκοιτιν ζεύξασθαι E.Alc. 994
(lyr.); παρθένειον ἐζεύξω λέχος Id.Tr. 676
(so in [voice] Act., γάμοις ἔζευξ' Ἀδράστου παῖδα I married his daughter, Id.Ph. 1366; ὁ Σεμέλην ζεύξας γάμοις Id.Ba. 468
):—[voice] Pass., to be married, ἐζευγμένη, opp. κόρη, S.Tr. 536; γάμοις ζευχθῆναι or ζυγῆναι, Id.OT 826, E.IA 907, etc.; ἐν γάμοις Id.El.99
; ἐς ἀνδρὸς εὐνάν Id.Supp. 822
(lyr.): metaph., ζ. μέλος ἔργμασι Pi.N.1.7
, cf.I.1.6.

3 join opposite banks by bridges, ποταμὸν ζεῦξαι Hdt.1.206
; τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον Id.7.33
, Lys.2.29; μηχαναῖς ἔζευξεν Ἕλλης πορθμόν A.Pers. 722
(troch.):—also in [voice] Med., ζεύγνυσθαι τὸν Βόσπορον Hdt.4.83
(v.l. -νύναι):—[voice] Pass., Id.7.6, 34; διῶρυξ ἐζευγμένη πλοίοις X.An.1.2.5
; but also,

b γεφύρας ζεῦξαι Hdt.1.205
, cf. 4.85, 118,al.

4 furnish ships with cross-benches ( ζυγόν 111
), Hes.Fr.76.6; but ζεύξαντες τὰς παλαιὰς [ναῦς] ὥστε πλωΐμους εἶναι having strengthened them with thwarts, Th.1.29, cf. Sch. ad loc.

5 pair or match gladiators, Arr.Epict.1.29.37.

6 join issue at law, in [voice] Pass., [δίκαι] ὑπέρ τινος ἐζευγμέναι SIG742.44
(Ephesus, i B.C.). (Cf. Skt. yunákti, pl. yuñjánti 'yoke', Lat. jungo, jugum.)

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ζεύγνυμι
13 δίδωμι

δίδωμι (Hom.+) by-form διδῶ (B-D-F §94, 1; Rob. 311f) Rv 3:9 (δίδω Tregelles, δίδωμι v.l.), 3 sg. διδοῖ (GrBar 7:2), 3 pl. διδόασι; impf. 3 sg. ἐδίδου, ἐδίδει (Hs 6, 2, 7; cp. Mk 4:8 cod. W), 3 pl. ἐδίδουν, ἐδίδοσαν J 19:3; ptc. διδῶν (Hs 8, 3, 3); fut. δώσω; 1 aor. ἔδωκα, subj. 3 sg. δώσῃ J 17:2; Rv 8:3 v.l. (on this W-S.§14, 9; B-D-F §95, 1; Rob. 308f), 1 pl. δώσωμεν Mk 6:37 v.l., 3 pl. δώσωσιν Rv 4:9 v.l.; pf. δέδωκα; plpf. ἐδεδώκειν (and without augm. δεδώκειν Mk 14:44; Lk 19:15; J 11:57); 2 aor. subj. 3 sg. δῷ J 15:16 (δώῃ v.l.); also in the form δώῃ Eph 1:17; 2 Ti 2:25 (in both δῷ as v.l.): in all these cases read δώῃ subj., not δῴη opt., s. below; δοῖ Mk 8:37 (B-D-F §95, 2; Mlt. 55; Rdm.² 97f and Glotta 7, 1916, 21ff; GKilpatrick in Festschrift JSchmid ’63, 135), pl. δῶμεν, δῶτε, δῶσιν; 2 aor. opt. 3 sg. Hellenist. (also LXX) δῴη for δοίη Ro 15:5; 2 Th 3:16; 2 Ti 1:16, 18 (on Eph 1:17; 2 Ti 2:25 s. above); 2 aor. impv. δός, δότε, inf. δοῦναι, ptc. δούς; pf. δέδωκα LXX. Pass.: 1 fut. δοθήσομαι (W-S. §14, 8ff); 1 aor. ἐδόθην; pf. δέδομαι.

① to give as an expression of generosity, give, donate as a gen. principle: μακάριόν ἐστιν μᾶλλον διδόναι ἢ λαμβάνειν it is more blessed to give than to receive Ac 20:35 (Theophyl. Sim., Ep. 42 τὸ διδόναι ἢ τὸ λαβεῖν οἰκειότερον); cp. 1 Cl 2:1; Hm 2:4ff (the contrast δίδωμι … λαμβάνω is frequently found: Epicharmus, Fgm. 273 Kaibel; Com. Fgm. Adesp. 108, 4 K.; Maximus Tyr. 32, 10c ὀλίγα δούς, μεγάλα ἔλαβες; Sir 14:16; Tat. 29, 2).—On the logion Ac 20:35 s. Unknown Sayings 77–81: giving is blessed, not receiving (cp. EHaenchen on Ac 20:35; Aristot., EN 4, 3, 26; Plut., Mor. 173d). S. μᾶλλον 3c. δὸς τοῖς πτωχοῖς give to the poor Mt 19:21 (HvonCampenhausen, Tradition u. Leben ’60, 114–56). τινὶ ἔκ τινος give someone some (of a substance: Tob 4:16; Ezk 48:12) Mt 25:8. S. also 7:11; 14:7.

② to give someth. out, give, bestow, grant δ. δακτύλιον εἰς τὴν χεῖρα put a ring on the finger Lk 15:22 (cp. Esth 3:10—δίδωμί τι εἰς τ. χεῖρα also Aristoph., Nub. 506; Herodas 3, 70). give τινί τι someth. to someone τὸ ἅγιον τοῖς κυσίν Mt 7:6 (Ps.-Lucian, Asin. 33 τὰ ἔγκατα τοῖς κυσὶ δότε).—A certificate of divorce to one’s wife 5:31 (Dt 24:1; conversely of the wife Just., A II, 2, 6 ῥεπούδιον δοῦσα); without dat. 19:7. Of bread (w. dat. or acc. somet. to be supplied fr. the context) 26:26f; Mk 2:26; 14:22; Lk 6:4; 11:7f; 22:19; J 21:13 (difft. Mt 14:19; 15:36; Mk 6:41; 8:6 the disciples transfer to others what they have received). W. inf. foll. δ. τινὶ φαγεῖν give someone someth. to eat Mt 14:16; 25:35, 42; Mk 5:43; 6:37; J 6:31 al. (cp. Gen 28:20; Ex 16:8, 15; Lev 10:17); someth. to drink Mt 27:34; Mk 15:23; J 4:7; Rv 16:6 (Hdt. 4, 172, 4; Aristoph., Pax 49; Jos., Ant. 2, 64; schol. on Nicander, Alexiph. 146 δὸς πιεῖν τί τινι, without dat. 198; PGM 13, 320 δὸς πεῖν[=πιεῖν]; Jos., Ant. 2, 64).—τὰς ῥάβδους GJs 9:1.—Lk 15:29 (Hipponax 43 Deg.).

③ to express devotion, give δόξαν δ. θεῷ give God the glory, i.e. praise, honor, thanks (Josh 7:19; Ps 67:35; 1 Esdr 9:8; 2 Ch 30:8 and oft.) Lk 17:18; J 9:24 (practically=promise under oath to tell the truth); Ac 12:23 al. δόξαν καὶ τιμήν (2 Ch 32:33) give glory and honor Rv 4:9. Through a sacrificial offering θυσίαν δ. bring an offering Lk 2:24 (cp. Jos., Ant. 7, 196 θυσίαν ἀποδοῦναι τ. θεῷ).

④ to cause to happen, esp. in ref. to physical phenomena, produce, make, cause, give fig. extension of mng. 1 ὑετὸν δ. (3 Km 17:14; Job 5:10; Zech 10:1; PsSol 5:9) yield rain Js 5:18; send rain Ac 14:17. τέρατα cause wonders to appear Ac 2:19 (Jo 3:3). Of heavenly bodies φέγγος δ. give light, shine Mt 24:29; Mk 13:24 (cp. Is 13:10). Of a musical instrument φωνὴν δ. (cp. Ps 17:14; 103:12; Jdth 14:9; Pind., N. 5, 50b [93]) produce a sound 1 Cor 14:7f.

⑤ to put someth. in care of another, entrust

ⓐ of things entrust τινί τι someth. to someone money Mt 25:15; Lk 19:13, 15; the keys of the kgdm. Mt 16:19; perh. Lk 12:48. W. εἰς τὰς χεῖρας added J 13:3 (cp. Gen 39:8; Is 22:21; 29:12 al.) or ἐν τῇ χειρί τινος 3:35 (cp. Jdth 9:9; Da 1:2; 7:25 Theod.; 1 Macc 2:7). Of spiritual things J 17:8, 14; Ac 7:38.

ⓑ of pers. τινά τινι entrust someone to another’s care J 6:37, 39; 17:6, 9, 12, 24; Hb 2:13 (Is 8:18).

⑥ to engage in a financial transaction

ⓐ of payment pay, give τινί τι Mt 20:4; 26:15; 28:12; Mk 14:11; Lk 22:5; Rv 11:18. Fig. repay someone (Mélanges Nicole, var. contributors, JNicole Festschr. 1905, p. 246 [HvanHerwerden=PLips 40 III, 3 p. 129] λίθῳ δέδωκεν τῷ υἱῷ μου; Ps 27:4) Rv 2:23. Of taxes, tribute, rent, etc. τινὶ ἀπό τινος pay rent of someth. Lk 20:10 (cp. 1 Esdr 6:28). τὶ pay (up), give someth. Mt 16:26; 27:10; Mk 8:37; δ. κῆνσον, φόρον καίσαρι pay tax to the emperor (Jos., Bell. 2, 403) Mt 22:17; Mk 12:14; Lk 20:22. Of inheritance pay out a portion of property Lk 15:12.

ⓑ as commercial t.t. for bookkeeping λόγον δ. render account (POxy 1281, 9 [21 A.D.]; PStras 32, 9 δότω λόγον; cp. Phil 4:15) Ro 14:12.

ⓒ of a bank deposit, equivalent to τιθέναι put, place, deposit ἀργύριον ἐπὶ τράπεζαν put money in the bank Lk 19:23.

⑦ appoint to special responsibility, appoint (Num 14:4) κριτάς judges Ac 13:20; w. double acc. appoint someone someth. (PLille 28, II [III B.C.] αὐτοῖς ἐδώκαμεν μεσίτην Δωρίωνα) τοὺϚ μὲν ἀποστόλους some (to be) apostles Eph 4:11. τινὰ κεφαλήν make someone head 1:22. Also δ. τινὰ εἴς τι B 14:7 (Is 42:6).

⑧ to cause someth. to happen, give (Philo, Leg. All. 3, 106 δ. χρόνον εἰς μετάνοιαν) δ. γνῶσιν σωτηρίας= to give (his people) knowledge of salvation = to tell (his people) how to be saved Lk 1:77.

⑨ to bear as a natural product, yield, produce of a field and its crops καρπὸν δ. yield fruit (Ps 1:3) Mt 13:8; Mk 4:7f; fig. ἔδωκεν μοὶ Κύριος καρπὸν δικαιοσύνης αὐτοῦ GJs 6:3 (Pr 11:30).

⑩ to dedicate oneself for some purpose or cause, give up, sacrifice τὸ σῶμά μου τὸ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν διδόμενον my body, given up for you Lk 22:19 (cp. Thu. 2, 43, 2; Libanius, Declam. 24, 23 Förster οἱ ἐν Πύλαις ὑπὲρ ἐλευθερίας τ. Ἑλλήνων δεδωκότες τὰ σώματα; of Menas δ. ἀπροφασίστως ἑαυτόν ‘gave of himself unstintingly’ OGI 339, 19f; Danker, Benefactor 321–23; for use of δ. in a testamentary context cp. Diog. L. 5, 72); ἑαυτὸν (τὴν ψυχὴν) δ. give oneself up, sacrifice oneself (ref. in Nägeli 56; 1 Macc 6:44; 2:50) w. dat. 2 Cor 8:5. λύτρον ἀντι πολλῶν give oneself up as a ransom for many Mt 20:28; Mk 10:45 (ἀντί 3). Also ἀντίλυτρον ὑπέρ τινος 1 Ti 2:6. ὐπέρ τινος for or because of a person or thing J 10:15 v.l.; Gal 1:4; Tit 2:14; AcPl Ha 8, 24 (on the form of these passages s. KRomaniuk, NovT 5, ’62, 55–76). ἑαυτὸν δ. τῷ θανάτῳ ISm 4:2 (cp. Just., A I, 21, 2 πυρί); δ. ἑαυτὸν εἰς τὸ θηρίον face the beast Hv 4, 1, 8.

⑪ to cause (oneself) to go, go, venture somewhere (cp. our older ‘betake oneself’) (Polyb. 5, 14, 9; Diod S 5, 59, 4; 14, 81, 2; Jos., Ant. 7, 225; 15, 244) εἰς τὸ θέατρον Ac 19:31; εἰς τὴν ἔρημον GJs 1:4.

⑫ to use an oracular device, draw/cast lots Ac 1:26.

⑬ to grant by formal action, grant, allow, freq. of God (cp. 7 above) ἐξουσίαν δ. (Hippol., Ref. 5, 26, 21 grant someone the power or authority, give someone the right, etc. (cp. TestJob 20:3; Jos., Ant. 2, 90, Vi. 71) Mt 9:8; 28:18; 2 Cor 13:10; Rv 9:3; 1 Cl 61:1; τοῦ πατεῖν ἐπάνω τινός tread on someth. Lk 10:19. τὴν σοφίαν τοῦ γράψαι τὴν ἱστορίαν ταύτην the ability to write this account GJs 25:1. ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς δύναμιν καὶ ἐξουσίαν ἐπί Lk 9:1 (cp. Just., D. 30, 3 ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ δύναμιν). ταῦτά σοι πάντα δώσω i.e. put them under your control Mt 4:9 of the devil. Simple δ. w. inf. (Appian, Liby. 19 §78 ἢν [=ἐὰν] ὁ θεὸς δῷ ἐπικρατῆσαι 106 §499) δέδοται it is given, granted to someone γνῶναι τὰ μυστήρια to know the secrets Mt 13:11; cp. ἡ δοθεῖσα αὐτῷ γνῶσις B 9:8 (Just., D. 7, 3 εἰ μή τῳ θεός δῷ συνιέναι) ἔδωκεν ζωὴν ἔχειν he has granted (the privilege) of having life J 5:26. μετὰ παρρησίας λαλεῖν to speak courageously Ac 4:29 and oft. Rather freq. the inf. is to be supplied fr. the context (Himerius, Or. 38 [4], 8 εἰ θεὸς διδοίη=if God permits) οἷς δέδοται sc. χωρεῖν Mt 19:11. ἦν δεδομένον σοι sc. ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν J 19:11. W. acc. and inf. foll. (Appian, Mithrid. 11, §37; Heliodorus 5, 12, 2 δώσεις με πιστεύειν) οὐδὲ δώσεις τὸν ὅσιόν σου ἰδεῖν διαφθοράν you will not permit your holy one to see corruption Ac 2:27; 13:35 (both Ps 15:10). ἔδωκεν αὐτὸν ἐμφανῆ γενέσθαι granted that he should be plainly seen 10:40. δὸς … ῥαγήναι τὰ δέσμα grant that our chains be broken AcPl Ha 3,11f. Pregnant constr.: grant, order (Diod S 9, 12, 2 διδ. λαβεῖν=permit to; 19, 85, 3 τὶ=someth.; Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 125 §524 ὁ καιρὸς ἐδίδου=the opportunity permitted; Biogr. p. 130 ἐδίδου θάπτειν τ. ἄνδρα) ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς ἵνα μὴ ἀποκτείνωσιν orders were given them not to kill Rv 9:5; cp. 19:8.—Of an oath w. double inf. Lk 1:73f. S. also 17 below.

⑭ to cause to come into being, institute περιτομὴν δ. institute circumcision B 9:7.

⑮ give up, someth. that has been under one’s control for a relatively long time, give up, give back ἡ θάλασσα τ. νεκρούς the sea gave up its dead Rv 20:13.

⑯ to proffer someth., extend, offer χεῖρα hold out one’s hand (to someone) Ac 9:41 (cp. 1 Macc 6:58; 2 Macc 12:11; Jos., Bell. 6, 318). (τὸν) μαστὸν τῇ παῖδι GJs 5:2; 6:3.

⑰ In many phrases this word relates to an activity or an abstract object, and with tr. freq. determined by the noun object; cp. 13 above.

ⓐ of humans: of a plan conceived in a meeting give counsel or advice: δ. for ποιεῖν (cp. κατά A2b β and s. s.v. συμβούλιον), which is read by some mss., in συμβούλιον δ. conspired (against Jesus) Mk 3:6. ἀφορμὴν δ. give an occasion (for someth.) 2 Cor 5:12; Hm 4, 1, 11; μαρτυρίαν δ. give testimony 1 Cl 30:7; δ. τὸ μαρτύριον bear witness AcPl Ha 4, 28; γνώμην δ. give an opinion 1 Cor 7:25; 2 Cor 8:10; ἐγκοπὴν δ. cause a hindrance 1 Cor 9:12; ἐντολὴν δ. command, order J 11:57; 12:49; 1J 3:23; ἐντολὴν καινὴν δ. give a new commandment J 13:34; εὔσημον λόγον δ. speak plainly or intelligibly 1 Cor 14:9; παραγγελίαν δ. give an instruction 1 Th 4:2; δ. τὴν ἐν [κυρίῳ σφραγίδα] seal in the Lord AcPl Ha 11, 23 (restored after the Coptic); προσκοπὴν δ. put an obstacle in (someone’s) way 2 Cor 6:3; δ. ἐκδίκησιν take vengeance 2 Th 1:8; ῥάπισμα δ. τινί slap someone J 18:22; 19:3; σημεῖον δ. give a sign Mt 26:48; τόπον δ. τινί make room for someone (Plut., Gai. Gracch. 840 [13, 3]) Lk 14:9; fig. leave room for Ro 12:19 (cp. τόπος 4); Eph 4:27. ὑπόδειγμα δ. give an example J 13:15; φίλημα δ. τινί give someone a kiss Lk 7:45.—δὸς ἐργασίαν Lk 12:58 is prob. a Latinism=da operam take pains, make an effort (B-D-F §5, 3b note 9; Rob. 109), which nevertheless penetrated the popular speech (OGI 441, 109 [senatorial decree 81 B.C.]; POxy 742, 11 [colloq. letter 2 B.C.] δὸς ἐργασίαν; PMich 203, 7; 466, 33f [Trajan]; PGiss 11, 16 [118 A.D.]; PBrem 5, 8 [117/119 A.D.]).

ⓑ esp. oft. of God (Hom. et al.) and Christ: give, grant, impose (of punishments etc.), send, of gifts, peace τινί τι Eph 4:8; 1 Cl 60:4; τινί τινος give someone some of a thing Rv 2:17. Also τινὶ ἔκ τινος 1J 4:13. τὶ εἴς τινα 1 Th 4:8 (Ezk 37:14); εἰς τὰς καρδίας put into the hearts Rv 17:17 (cp. X., Cyr. 8, 2, 20 δ. τινί τι εἰς ψυχήν). Also ἐν τ. καρδίαις δ. (cp. ἐν 3) 2 Cor 1:22; 8:16 (cp. Ezk 36:27). εἰς τὴν διάνοιαν Hb 8:10 (Jer 38: 33); ἐπὶ καρδίας Hb 10:16 (δ. ἐπί w. acc. as Jer 6:21, and s. Jer 38:33 ἐπὶ καρδίας αὐτῶν γράψω). W. ἵνα foll. grant that Mk 10:37.—The pass. occurs very oft. in this sense (Plut., Mor. 265d; 277e) Lk 8:10; Rv 6:4; 7:2; 13:7, 14f and oft. ἐκδίκησιν διδόναι τινί inflict punishment on someone 2 Th 1:8; βασανισμὸν καὶ πένθος δ. τινί send torment and grief upon someone Rv 18:7; ὄνομα δ. GJs 6:2, χάριν δ. (Jos., Bell. 7, 325) Js 4:6; 1 Pt 5:5 (both Pr 3:34); GJs 14:2; υἱοθεσίαν AcPl Ha 2, 28; 9,12; ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν 2, 30f; μεγαλεῖα 6,13. W. gen. foll. over someone Mt 10:1; Mk 6:7; J 17:2.—B. 749. Schmidt, Syn. 193–203. DELG. M-M. TW.

Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > δίδωμι
14 ἀποτίθημι

ἀποτίθημι fut. ἀποθήσω; aor. ἀπέθηκα LXX (the act. does not occur in our lit.); 2 aor. mid. ἀπεθέμην, 3 pl. ἀπέθοντο Hs 8, 5, 1; 1 aor. pass. ἀπετέθην (s. τίθημι; Hom. et al.; ins, pap, LXX, TestSol, JosAs; ParJer 5:14; ApcSed 9:1) gener. ‘put off’.

① take off

ⓐ lit. of clothes (Teles p. 16, 7 ἱμάτιον; Alciphron 3, 6, 2; 2 Macc 8:35; JosAs 13:2 al.; Jos., Ant. 8, 266) τὰ ἱμάτια ἀ. MPol 13:2; take off and lay down Ac 7:58.

ⓑ fig. lay aside, rid oneself of τὰ ἔργα τ. σκότους Ro 13:12. ἀλαζονείαν 1 Cl 13:1. αὐθάδειαν 57:2. τὰς μαλακίας Hv 3, 12, 3. τὴν νέκρωσιν τ. ζωῆς Hs 9, 16, 2f. τὰ πάντα, ὀργὴν κτλ. Col 3:8 (Plut., Cor. 223 [19, 4] ὀργήν). τὸ τῆς λύπης AcPl Ha 8, 8/BMM recto 7. τὸ νέφος 2 Cl 1:6. τὸν παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον Eph 4:22 (w. acc. of pers. in Callim., Epigr. 21, 6 [Pf.]; Maximus Tyr. 1 4e in the theater ἀποθέμενος τὸν θεατὴν ἀγωνιστὴς γενέσθαι=stop being a spectator and become a contestant). τὸ ψεῦδος vs. 25. πᾶσαν ῥυπαρίαν Js 1:21. πᾶσαν κακίαν 1 Pt 2:1. ὄγκον πάντα καὶ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν Hb 12:1 (of vices since Demosth. 8, 46; Lucian, Dial. Mort. 10, 8f; EpArist 122 et al. [Nägeli 20]).—νηστίαν … ἀποθέ̣[ντος] (Paul) having ended a fast AcPl Ha 6, 37.—αἵρεσιν give up a way of thinking Hs 9, 23, 5; lose cracks Hs 8, 5, 1.

② to put aside for a special purpose, lay aside (as alms) Hs 5, 3, 7 (some mss. omit; cp. Just., A I, 67, 6).

③ to remove from a locality and place elsewhere, put away, lay down (Hom. et al.; PFlor 125, 2; PRyl 125, 14; Jos., Ant. 11, 11) a martyr’s bones MPol 18:1 (Appian, Syr. 63 §336 ἀπέθετο of the ‘laying away’ or ‘depositing’ of the remains [τὰ λείψαντα] of a cremated body; ApcSed 9:1 transfer of [Sedrach’s] soul to Paradise); put (rods) away 1 Cl 43:2; put back (opp. αἴρω) stones Hs 9, 5, 4; 9, 9, 4 (cp. 1 Macc 4:46).—ἀ. τινὰ ἐν φυλακῇ put someone in prison Mt 14:3 (cp. Polyb. 24, 8, 8; Diod S 4, 49, 3; PEleph 12, 2 [223/222 B.C.] ἀποθέσθαι αὐτοὺς εἰς τ. φυλακήν; PTebt 769, 51 al. [III B.C.]. Lev 24:12; Num 15:34; 2 Ch 18:26).—DELG s.v. τίθημι. M-M.

Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἀποτίθημι
15 περιβάλλω

περιβάλλω, [tense] fut. - βᾰλῶ: [tense] aor. περιέβᾰλον (v. infr.):—

A throw round, about, or over, put on or over, c. acc. rei, φίλας περὶ χεῖρε βαλόντε Od. 11.211
; περὶ πτερὰ πυκνὰ βαλόντες Il.11.454
; περὶ δ' ἄντυγα βάλλε φαεινήν 18.479
; π. χέρας Ar.Th. 914
, E.Or. 1044: freq. c. dat., χέρας π. τινί Id.Ph. 1459
, etc.; περὶ δ' ὠλένας δέρᾳ.. βάλοιμι ib. 165 (lyr.); π. τινὶ δεσμά, βρόχους, A.Pr.52, E.Ba. 619; Τροίᾳ ζευκτήριον A.Ag. 529
; κρατὶ π. σκότον E.HF 1159
; π. τινὰ χαλκεύματι put him round the sword, i. e. stab him, A.Ch. 576; also περὶ τὰ στέρνα θώρηκας π. Hdt. 1.215, cf. 5.85; αἱμασιὴν π. κατὰ τὸν κύκλον Id.7.60
; περὶ ἕρμα π. ναῦν wreck it on.., Th.7.25:—[voice] Med., throw round or over oneself, put on, c. acc. rei, περιβαλλόμενοι τεύχεα putting on their arms, Od.22.148; περὶ δὲ ζώνην βάλετ' ἰξυῖ 5.231
; ξίφος περὶ στιβαροῖς βάλετ' ὤμοις 14.528
; εἷμα, φᾶρος περιβάλλεσθαι, Hdt. 1.152, 9.109; φάρεα καὶ πλοκάμους E.IT 1150
(lyr.); κόσμον σώμασιν Id.HF 334
; κύκλον ὅσον περιβάλλεται αἰθήρ Hermesian.7.87
; freq. of defences, τεῖχος καὶ σωτηρίην περιβαλέσθαι τοῖς τε χρήμασι καὶ τοῖς σώμασιν Democr.280
; also ὅταν περιβάλωνται χειρις μοὺς παραλλάττοντας Phld.Rh.1.8
S.; π. ἕρκος ἔρυμα τῶν νεῶν Hdt.9.96
; τείχεα Id.1.141
, cf. 6.46, Th.1.8 ; ταῖς πόλεσιν ἐρύματα περιβάλλονται X.Mem.2.1.14
; Πελοποννήσῳ π. ἓν τεῖχος Arist.Pol. 1276a27
; λιμένι τεῖχος, χάρακα τῇ παρεμβολῇ, Plb.4.65.11, 5.20.5 ; also περὶ τὴν Πελοπόννησον τεῖχος π. Lys.2.45: c. dupl. acc., τεῖχος περιβαλέσθαι πόλιν build a wall round it, Hdt.1.163 : in [tense] pf. [voice] Pass., have a thing put round one, Pl.Smp. 216d ; τὸ τεῖχος περιβεβλημένος having his wall around him, encompassed by it, Id.Tht. 174e, cf. Arist.Pol. 1331a8.

2 metaph., put round or upon a person, i. e. invest him with it, π. τινὶ ἀγαθόν (i. e. βασιληΐην), τυραννίδα, Hdt.1.129, E. Ion 829 ; π. σωτηρίαν [τισί] Id.HF 304
; ὕδασι δουλείαν Id.Ph. 189
(lyr.); οἶκτον Id.IA 934
; τινὶ π. ἀνανδρίαν, i.e. make him faint-hearted, Id.Or. 1031; π. τὴν αἰτίαν τῷ ἰατρῷ impute blame to.., Pall.in Hp.12.283 C.:—[voice] Pass., c. acc., to be involved in, μεγίστην ζημίαν τὸ ταμεῖον περιβληθήσεται SIG888.87
(Scaptopara, iii A. D.).

II reversely c. dat. rei, surround, encompass with.., περιβαλεῖν πλῆθος τῶν ἰχθύων (sc. τῷ ἀμφιβλήστρῳ) Hdt.1.141; βρόχῳ π. τὸν αὐχένα Id.4.60
(tm.); [Βόσπορον] πέδαις π. A.Pers. 748; π. τινὰ ὑφάσματι E.Or.25
; δοραῖσι σῶμα Id.Cyc. 330
; π. τινὰ χερσί embrace, Id.Or. 372 :—[voice] Med., surround or enclose for one's advantage or defence, τὴν νῆσον π. τείχει Pl.Criti. 116a
; χωρίον X.Cyr.6.3.30
; π. θύννους net them, Arist.HA 537a20, cf. 533b25.

2 metaph., π. τινὰ κακῷ, συμφοραῖς, involve one in evil or calamity, E.Or. 906, Antipho 3.2.12 ; ἀνηκέστοις πόλιν συμφοραῖς And.1.142
, cf. Lys.4.20; ὀνείδει D.22.35
; π. τινὰ φυγῇ, i.e. banish him, Plu.2.775c; τινὰ κλοπῆς καταδίκῃ Id.Arist.4
:— [voice] Pass., [ συμφοραῖς] Phld.Piet. 35b.

III c. acc. only, encompass, surround, περιβάλλει με σκότος, νέφος, E.Ph. 1453, HF 1140 ; π. ἀλλήλους embrace each other, X.An.4.7.25, cf. Men.Pk.36, 111; also, clothe, τινα Ev.Matt.25.36; τὸ περιβεβλημένον the space enclosed, enclosure, Hdt.2.91; cf. περίβολος 11.2
:—[voice] Med., ἤλαυνον περιβαλόμενοι [τὰ ὑποζύγια] surrounding them, Id.9.39, cf. X.Cyr.1.4.17.

2 fetch a compass round, double, ἵπποι περὶ τέρμα βαλοῦσαι Il.23.462
; esp. of ships, round a cape, π. τὸν Ἄθων Hdt.6.44
; Σούνιον Th.8.95
: abs., of a hare, double, X.Cyn.5.29, 6.18.

3 amplify, expand, λόγον Hermog.Id.1.4
, cf. 11: abs., ib.3,al.

IV [voice] Med., bring into one's power, compass, ἰδίῃ π. ἑωυτῷ κέρδεα Hdt.3.71
; πολλὰ [χρήματα] Id.8.8
, cf. 7.190; σωφροσύνης δόξαν π. X.Mem.4.2.6; τὰ λοιπὰ τῶν πραγμάτων περιβαλλόμενος D.18.231
; πλῆθος λείας Plb.1.29.7
, cf. 3.69.7 : [tense] pf. [voice] Pass., to have come into possession of.., πόλιν Hdt.6.24
; δυναστείας Isoc.4.184
, cf. 2.25.

2 appropriate mentally, comprehend, περιβάλλεσθαι τῇ διανοίᾳ τὰς πράξεις Id.5.118
; πολλὰ περιβεβλῆσθαι πράγματα to have aimed at learning many things, Men.683; logically, ξύμπαντα τὰ οἰκεῖα.. γένους τινὸς οὐσίᾳ π. embrace, Pl.Plt. 285b.

3 use circumlocution, κομψῶς κύκλῳ π. Id.Smp. 222c, cf. Phdr. 272d.

V throw beyond, beat in throwing: hence generally, excel, surpass, μνηστῆρας δώροισι Od.15.17
; π. ἀρετῇ to be superior in.., Il.23.276.

VI π. τὸ λουτρόν take a bath, Cass.Pr.5 ; π. πρὸς λουτρόν ibid.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > περιβάλλω
16 ποιέω

ποιέω, [dialect] Dor. [full] ποιϝέω IG4.800 ([place name] Troezen), etc.: [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.

A ποίεον Il. 20.147
; [var] contr. ποίει 18.482
; [dialect] Ion. ποιέεσκον Hdt.1.36
, 4.78: [tense] fut. ποιήσω: [tense] aor. ἐποίησα, [dialect] Ep. ποίησα Il.18.490
: [tense] pf. πεποίηκα:—[voice] Med., [dialect] Ion. [tense] impf. ποιεέσκετο Hdt.7.119
: [tense] fut. ποιήσομαι Il.9.397
: in pass. sense, Hp.Decent.11, Arist.Metaph. 1021a23: [tense] aor. ἐποιησάμην, [dialect] Ep. ποι- Od.5.251
, al.: [tense] pf. πεποίημαι in med. sense, And.4.22, Decr. ap. D. 18.29:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. ποιηθήσομαι ([etym.] μετα-) D.23.62, v. supr.; πεποιήσομαι Hp.Mul.1.11
,37: [tense] aor. ἐποιήθην Hdt.2.159
, etc. (used as [voice] Med. only in compd. προς-): [tense] pf. πεποίημαι Il.6.56
, etc.:—[dialect] Att. [full] ποῶ (EM 679.24), etc., is guaranteed by metre in Trag. and Com., as ποῶ S. OT 918
, ποεῖν Id.Tr. 385
, ποεῖς Ar.Ach. 410
, etc., and found in cod. Laur. of S., cod. Rav. of Ar., also IG12.39.6 ([etym.] ποήσω), 82.9 ([etym.] ποεῖ), 154.7 ([etym.] ἐποησάτην), etc.; but ποι- is always written before -οι, -ου, -ω in Inscrr.: πο- also in [dialect] Aeol. πόημι πόης πόει PBouriant8.71
,75, Sapph. Supp.1.9, al., and Arc. ποέντω, = ποιούντων, IG5(2).6.9 (Tegea, iv B.C.); cf. ποιητής.

0-0 Used in two general senses, make and do.

A make, produce, first of something material, as manufactures, works of art, etc. (opp. πράττειν, Pl.Chrm. 163b), in Hom. freq. of building, π. δῶμα, τύμβον, Il.1.608,7.435; εἴδωλον Od.4.796
; π. πύλας ἐν [πύργοις] Il.7.339; of smith's work, π. σάκος ib. 222; ἐν [σάκεϊ] ποίει δαίδαλα πολλά 18.482
, cf. 490, 573: freq. in Inscrr. on works of art, Πολυμήδης ἐποίϝηh' (= ἐποίησε ) Ἀργεῖος SIG5
(vi B.C., cf. Class.Phil.20.139); Θεόπροπος ἐποίει Αἰγινάτας SIG18
(vi/v B.C.), etc.; ἐποίησε Τερψικλῆς ib.3b(Milet., vi B.C.), etc.; τίς.. τὴν λίθον ταύτην τέκτων ἐποίει; Herod.4.22
; εἵματα ἀπὸ ξύλων πεποιημένα made from trees, i.e. of cotton, Hdt.7.65; ναὸν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἱεροῦ ἀργυρίου X.An. 5.3.9
; πλοῖα ἐκ τῆς ἀκάνθης ποιεύμενα Hdt.2.96
; καρβάτιναι πεποιημέναι ἐκ βοῶν X.An.4.5.14
: c. gen. materiae, πωρίνου λίθου π. τὸν νηόν Hdt.5.62
; ἔρυμα λίθων λογάδην πεποιημένον Th.4.31
; φοίνικος αἱ θύραι πεποιημέναι X.Cyr.7.5.22
: rarely
ποιεῖσθαί τινι
to be made with.., Longus 1.4
; also τῶν τὰ κέρεα.. οἱ πήχεες ποιεῦνται the horns of which are made into the sides of the lyre, Hdt.4.192; also δέρμα εἰς περικεφαλαίας πεποίηται Sch.Patm.D.in BCH1.144:—[voice] Med., make for oneself, as of bees, οἰκία ποιήσωνται build them houses, Il.12.168, cf. 5.735, Od.5.251, 259, Hes.Op. 503; [ῥεῖθρον] π., of a river, Thphr. HP3.1.5; also, have a thing made, get it made, ὀβελούς Hdt.2.135
; στεφάνους οὓς ἐποιησάμην τῷ χορῷ D.21.16
, cf. X.An.5.3.5; τὸν Ἀπόλλω, i.e. a statue of A., Pl.Ep. 361a; αὑτοῦ εἰκόνας Plu. Them.5
, cf. Inscr.Prien.25.9 (iii B.C.?).

2 create, bring into existence, γένος ἀνθρώπων χρύσεον Hes.Op. 110
, cf. Th. 161, 579, etc.;
ὁ ποιῶν
the creator, Pl.Ti. 76c
; ἕτερον Φίλιππον ποιήσετε D.4.11
:—[voice] Med., beget, υἱόν And.1.124
; ἔκ τινος Id.4.22
; παῖδας ποιεῖσθαι, = παιδοποιεῖσθαι, X.Cyr.5.3.19, D.57.43; conceive, παιδίον π. ἔκ τινος Pl.Smp. 203b
:—[voice] Act. in this sense only in later Gr., Plu.2.312a; of the woman, παιδίον ποιῆσαι ib.145d.

3 generally, produce, ὕδωρ π., of Zeus, Ar.V. 261: impers., ἐὰν πλείω ποιῇ ὕδατα, = ἐὰν ὕη, Thphr.CP1.19.3; π. γάλα, of certain kinds of food, Arist.HA 522b32; ἄρρεν π., of an egg, Ael.VH1.15; μέλι ἄριστον π., of Hymettus, Str.9.1.23; π. καρπόν, of trees, Ev.Matt.3.10 (metaph. in religious sense, ib.8); of men, κριθὰς π. grow barley, Ar. Pax 1322; π. σίτου μεδίμνους D.42.20
; π. πενίαν, πλοῦτον, of the stars, Plot.2.3.1.

b Math., make, produce, τομήν, σχῆμα, ὀρθὰς γωνίας, Archim. Sph.Cyl.1.16,38, Con.Sph.12; ὁ Α τὸν Γ πολλαπλασιάσας τὸν Η πεποίηκεν Euc.7.19
:—[voice] Pass., πεποιήσθω ὡς.. let it be contrived that.., Archim. Sph.Cyl.2.6.

c postulate, imply, ἡ προσθήκη ἀφαίρεσιν καὶ ἔλλειψιν ποιεῖ Plot.3.9.3
.

d π. τὸ πρόβλημα effect a solution of the problem, Apollon.Perg.Con.2.49,51; π. τὸ ἐπίταγμα fulfil, satisfy the required condition, Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.2,3.

4 after Hom., of Poets, compose, write, π. διθύραμβον, ἔπεα, Hdt.1.23, 4.14; π. θεογονίην Ἕλλησι Id.2.53
; π. Φαίδραν, Σατύρους, Ar.Th. 153, 157; π. κωμῳδίαν, τραγῳδίαν, etc., Pl.Smp. 223d; παλινῳδίαν Isoc.10.64
, Pl.Phdr. 243b, etc.; ποιήματα Id.Phd. 60d
: abs., write poetry, write as a poet, ὀρθῶς π. Hdt.3.38
; ἐν τοῖσι ἔπεσι π. Id.4.16
, cf. Pl. Ion 534b: folld. by a quotation, ἐπόησάς ποτε.. Ar.Th. 193
; εἴς τινα Pl.Phd. 61b
; περὶ θεῶν Id.R. 383a
, etc.

b represent in poetry, Ὅμηρον Ἀχιλλέα πεποιηκέναι ἀμείνω Ὀδυσσέως Pl.Hp.Mi. 369c
, cf. 364c, Smp. 174b; ποιήσας τὸν Ἀχιλλέα λέγοντα having represented Achilles saying, Plu.2.105b, cf. 25d, Pl. Grg. 525d, 525e, Arist.Po. 1453b29.

c describe in verse, θεὸν ἐν ἔπεσιν Pl.R. 379a
; ἐποίησα μύθους τοὺς Αἰσώπου put them into verse, Id.Phd. 61b; μῦθον Lycurg.100
.

d invent, καινοὺς θεούς Pl.Euthphr.3b
; ὑπὸ ποιητέω τινὸς ποιηθὲν [τοὔνομα] Hdt.3.115; πεποιημένα ὀνόματα Arist.Rh. 1404b29
, cf.Po. 1457b2; opp. αὐτοφυῆ, κύρια, D.H.Is.7, Pomp. 2.

II bring about, cause, τελευτήν Od.1.250
; γαλήνην 5.452
; φόβον Il.12.432
; σιωπὴν παρὰ πάντων X.HG6.3.10
; τέρψιν τοῖς θεωμένοις Id.Mem.3.10.8
; αἰσχύνην τῇ πόλει Isoc.7.54
, etc.; also of things, ἄνεμοι αὐτοὶ μὲν οὐχ ὁρῶνται· ἃ δὲ ποιοῦσι φανερά X.Mem.4.3.14
; ταὐτὸν ἐποίει αὐτοῖς νικᾶν τε μαχομένοις καὶ μηδὲ μάχεσθαι Th.7.6
, cf. 2.89.

b c. acc. et inf., cause or bring about that.., σε θεοὶ ποίησαν ἱκέσθαι [ἐς] οἶκον Od.23.258
; π. τινὰ κλύειν S.Ph. 926
; π. τινὰ βλέψαι Ar.Pl. 459
, cf. 746; π. τινὰ τριηραρχεῖν Id.Eq. 912
, cf. Av.59; π. τινὰ αἰσχύνεσθαι, κλάειν, ἀπορεῖν, etc., X.Cyr.4.5.48, 2.2.13, Pl.Tht. 149a, etc.: with ὥστε inserted, X.Cyr.3.2.29, Ar.Eq. 351, etc.: folld. by a relat. clause, π. ὅκως ἔσται ἡ Κύπρος ἐλευθέρη Hdt.5.109
, cf. 1.209; ὡς ἂν.. εἰδείην ἐποίουν X.Cyr.6.3.18
:—also [voice] Med., ἐποιήσατο ὡς ἐν ἀσφαλεῖ εἶεν ib.6.1.23.

2 procure, π. ἄδειάν τε καὶ κάθοδόν τινι Th.8.76
; ὁ νόμος π. τὴν κληρονομίαν τισί Is.11.1
; λόγος ἀργύριον τῷ λέγοντι π. gets him money, D.10.76:—[voice] Med., procure for oneself, gain, κλέος αὐτῇ ποιεῖτ' Od.2.126
; ἄδειαν Th.6.60
; τιμωρίαν ἀπό τινων Id.1.25
; τὸν βίον ἀπὸ γεωργίας X.Oec.6.11
, cf. Th.1.5.

3 of sacrifices, festivals, etc., celebrate, π. ἱρά Hdt.9.19
, cf. 2.49 ([voice] Act. and [voice] Pass.); π. τὴν θυσίαν τῷ Ποσειδῶνι X.HG4.5.1
; π. Ἴσθμια ib.4.5.2; τῇ θεῷ ἑορτὴν δημοτελῆ π. Th.2.15
; παννυχίδα π. Pl.R. 328a
; π. σάββατα observe the Sabbath, LXXEx.31.16; π. ταφάς, of a public funeral, Pl. Mx. 234b; π. ἐπαρήν SIG38.30
(Teos, v B.C.); also of political assemblies, π. ἐκκλησίαν Ar.Eq. 746
, Th.1.139; π. μυστήρια Id.6.28
([voice] Pass.); ξύλλογον σφῶν αὐτῶν Id.1.67
:—[voice] Med., ἀγορὴν ποιήσατο Il.8.2
; ἢν θυσίην τις ποιῆται Hdt.6.57
(v.l.); δημοσίᾳ ταφὰς ἐποιήσαντο Th.2.34
; π. ἀγῶνα Id.4.91
; π. ἐκκλησίαν τοῖς Γρᾳξὶ περὶ μισθοῦ Ar.Ach. 169
.

4 of war and peace, πόλεμον π. cause or give rise to a war, πόλεμον ἡμῖν ἀντ' εἰρήνης πρὸς Αακεδαιμονίους π. Is.11.48
; but π. ποιησόμενοι about to make war (on one's own part), X.An.5.5.24; εἰρήνην π. bring about a peace (for others), Ar. Pax 1199; σπονδὰς π. X.An.4.3.14
; ξυμμαχίαν ποιῆσαι Th.2.29
; but εἰρήνην ποιεῖσθαι make peace (for oneself), And.3.11; σπονδὰς ποιήσασθαι Th.1.28
, etc.:—[voice] Pass., ἐπεποίητο συμμαχίη Hdt.1.77
, etc.

5 freq. in [voice] Med. with Nouns periphr. for the Verb derived from the Noun, μύθου ποιήσασθαι ἐπισχεσίην submit a plea, Od.21.71; ποιέεσθαι ὁδοιπορίην, for ὁδοιπορέειν, Hdt.2.29; π. ὁδόν Id.7.42
, 110, 112, etc.; π. πλόον, for πλέειν, Id.6.95, cf. Antipho 5.21; π. κομιδήν, for κομίζεσθαι, Hdt.6.95; θῶμα π. τὴν ἐργασίην, for θωμάζειν, Id.1.68; ὀργὴν π., for ὀργίζεσθαι, Id.3.25; λήθην π. τι, for λανθάνεσθαί τινος, Id.1.127; βουλὴν π., for βουλεύεσθαι, Id.6.101; συμβολὴν π., for συμβάλλεσθαι, Id.9.45; τὰς μάχας π., for μάχεσθαι, S.El. 302, etc.; καταφυγὴν π., for καταφεύγειν, Antipho 1.4; ἀγῶνα π., for ἀγωνίζεσθαι, Th.2.89; π. λόγον [τινός] make account of.., Hdt.7.156; but τοὺς λόγους π. hold a conference, Th.1.128; also simply for λέγειν, Lys.25.2, cf. Pl.R. 527a, etc.; also π. δι' ἀγγέλου, π. διὰ χρηστηρίων, communicate by a messenger, an oracle, Hdt.6.4, 8.134.

III with Adj. as predic., make, render so and so, ποιῆσαί τινα ἄφρονα make one senseless, Od.23.12; [δῶρα] ὄλβια ποιεῖν make them blest, i.e. prosper them, 13.42, cf. Il.12.30; τοὺς Μήδους ἀσθενεῖς π. X.Cyr.1.5.2
, etc.; χρήσιμον ἐξ ἀχρήστου π. Pl.R. 411b
: with a Subst., ποιῆσαι ἀθύρματα make into playthings, Il. 15.363; ποιεῖν τινα βασιλῆα Od.1.387
; ταμίην ἀνέμων 10.21
; γέροντα 16.456
; ἄκοιτίν τινι Il.24.537
; γαμβρὸν ἑόν Hes.Th. 818
; [μύρμηκας] ἄνδρας π. [καὶ] γυναῖκας Id.Fr.76.5
; πολιήτας π. τινάς Hdt.7.156
; Ἀθηναῖον π. τινά Th.2.29
, etc.; π. τινὰ παράδειγμα Isoc.4.39
: hence, appoint, instal, τὸν Μωϋσῆν καὶ τὸν Ἀαρών LXX 1 Ki.12.6
; δώδεκα Ev.Marc.3.14
:—[voice] Med., ποιεῖσθαί τινα ἑταῖρον make him one's friend, Hes. Op. 707, cf. 714; π. τινὰ ἄλοχον or ἄκοιτιν take her to oneself as wife, Il.3.409, 9.397, cf. Od.5.120, etc.; π. τινὰ παῖδα make him one's son, i.e. adopt him as son, Il.9.495, etc.; θετὸν παῖδα π. adopt a son, Hdt. 6.57: without υἱόν, adopt, ἐπειδὴ οὐκ ἦσαν αὐτῷ παῖδες ἄρρενες, π. Λεωκράτη D.41.3
, cf. 39.6,33, 44.25, Pl.Lg. 923c, etc.; π. τινὰ θυγατέρα Hdt.4.180
: generally, ἅπαντας ἢ σῦς ἠὲ λύκους π. Od.10.433
; π. τινὰ πολίτην Isoc.9.54
; μαθητήν Pl.Cra. 428b
; τὰ κρέα π. εὔτυκα Hdt. 1.119
; τὰ ἔπεα ἀπόρρητα π. making them a secret, Id.9.45, etc.; also ἑωυτοῦ ποιέεται τὸ.. ἔργον makes it his own, Id.1.129; μηδ' ἃ μὴ 'θιγες ποιοῦ σεαυτῆς S.Ant. 547
.

IV put in a certain place or condition, etc., ἐμοὶ Ζεὺς.. ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ὧδε νόημα ποίησ' Od.14.274
; σφῶϊν ὧδε θεῶν τις ἐνὶ φρεσὶ ποιήσειεν Il.13.55
; αἲ γὰρ τοῦτο θεοὶ ποιήσειαν ἐπὶ νόον νησιώτῃσι Hdt.1.27
, cf. 71; ἐν αἰσχύνῃ π. τὴν πόλιν D.18.136
; τὰς ναῦς ἐπὶ τοῦ ξηροῦ π. Th.1.109
; ἔξω κεφαλὴν π. Hdt.5.33
; ἔξω βελῶν τὴν τάξιν π. X.Cyr.4.1.3
; ἐμαυτὸν ὡς πορρωτάτω π. τῶν ὑποψιῶν Isoc.3.37
; of troops, form them, ὡς ἂν κράτιστα.. X.An.5.2.11
, cf. 3.4.21; in politics, ἐς ὀλίγους τὰς ἀρχὰς π. Th.8.53
; and in war, π. Γετταλίαν ὑπὸ Φιλίππῳ bring it under his power, D.18.48; μήτε τοὺς νόμους μήθ' ὑμᾶς αὐτοὺς ἐπὶ τοῖς λέγουσι π. Id.58.61
:—[voice] Med., ποιέεσθαι ὑπ' ἑωυτῷ Hdt.1.201
, cf.5.103, etc.; ὑπὸ χεῖρα X.Ages.1.22
; π. τινὰς ἐς φυλακήν, τὰ τῶν ξυμμάχων ἐς ἀσφάλειαν, Th.3.3, 8.1; τινὰς ἐς τὸ συμμαχικόν Hdt.9.106
; τὰ λεπτὰ πλοῖα ἐντὸς π. put the small vessels in the middle, Th.2.83, cf. 6.67; π. τινὰ ἐκποδών (v. ἐκποδών) ; ὄπισθεν π. τὸν ποταμόν X.An. 1.10.9
.

2 Math., multiply, π. τὰ ιβ ἐπὶ τὰ έ, τὰ ζ ἐφ' ἑαυτὰ π., Hero Metr.1.8, 2.14.

V [voice] Med., deem, consider, reckon a thing as.., συμφορὴν ποιέεσθαί τι take it for a misfortune, Hdt.1.83, 6.61; δεινὸν π. τι esteem it a grievous thing, take it ill, Id.1.127, etc. (rarely in [voice] Act., δεινὰ π. 2.121
.έ, Th.5.42); μέγα π. c. inf., deem it a great matter that.., Hdt.8.3, cf. 3.42, etc.; μεγάλα π. ὅτι.. Id.1.119
; ἑρμαῖον π. τι count it clear gain, Pl.Grg. 489c; οὐκέτι ἀνασχετὸν π. τι Th.1.118
: freq. with Preps., δι' οὐδενὸς π. deem of no account, S.OC 584; ἐν ἐλαφρῷ, ἐν ὁμοίῳ π., Hdt.1.118,7.138; ἐν σμικρῷ μέρει S.Ph. 498
; ἐν ὀλιγωρίᾳ Th.4.5
; ἐν ὀργῇ D.1.16
; ἐν νόμῳ π. consider as lawful, Hdt. 1.131; ἐν ἀδείῃ π. consider as safe, Id.9.42; παρ' ὀλίγον π. τι X. An.6.6.11
; περὶ πολλοῦ π., Lat. magni facere, Lys.1.1, etc.; περὶ πλείονος, περὶ πλείστου π., Id.14.40, Pl.Ap. 21e, etc.; περὶ ὀλίγου, περὶ ἐλάττονος, Isoc.17.58, 18.63; περὶ παντός Id.2.15
(rarely πολλοῦ π. τι Pl.Prt. 328d
); πρὸ πολλοῦ π. c. inf., Isoc.5.138.

VI put the case, assume that.., ποιήσας ἀν' ὀγδώκοντα ἄνδρας ἐνεῖναι Hdt.7.184
, cf. 186, X.An.5.7.9: without inf., ἐν ἑκάστῃ ψυχῇ ποιήσωμεν περιστερεῶνά τινα (sc. εἶναι) Pl.Tht. 197d:—[voice] Pass., πεποιήσθω δή be it assumed then, ib.e;
οἱ φιλοσοφώτατοι ποιούμενοι
those who are reputed.., Id.R. 498a
, cf. 538c, 573b:—but for τὸν φιλόσοφον ποιώμεθα νομίζειν ib. 581d read τί οἰώμεθα..;

VII of Time, οὐ π. χρόνον make no long time, i. e. not to delay, D.19.163 codd.; μακρότερον ποιεῖς you are taking too long, PCair.Zen.48.4 (iii B.C.); μέσας π. νύκτας let midnight come, Pl.Phlb. 50d, cf. AP11.85 (Lucill.); ἔξω μέσων νυκτῶν π. τὴν ὥραν put off the time of business to past midnight, D.54.26; τὴν νύκτα ἐφ' ὅπλοις ποιεῖσθαι spend it under arms, Th.7.28(s.v.l.); ποιήσουσιν ἐν πλούτῳ ἔτη πολλά LXXPr.13.23
, cf. To.10.7; δύο ἡμέρας ποιεῖ ἐν τῷ Ἀνουβιείῳ UPZ70.21
(ii B.C.), cf. PSI4.362.15 (iii B.C.); τὰς ἡμέρας ἐν τοῖς ὕδασι π. D.S.1.35
; tarry, stay, μῆνας τρεῖς Act.Ap. 20.3
, cf. AP11.330 (Nicarch.).

VIII in later Greek, sacrifice, μοσχάριον LXXEx.29.36
; καρπώσεις ὑπέρ τινος ib.Jb.42.8: without acc., π. Ἀστάρτῃ sacrifice to Ashtoreth, ib.3 Ki.11.33.

IX make ready, prepare, as food, μοσχάριον ib.Ge.18.7 sq.; π. τὸν μύστακα trim it, ib.2 Ki.19.24(25).

X ποιεῖν βασιλέα play the king, ib.3 Ki.20 (21).7.

B do, much like πράσσω, οὐδὲν ἂν ὧν νυνὶ πεποίηκεν ἔπραξεν D. 4.5; περὶ ὧν πράττει καὶ μέλλει ποιεῖν Id.8.2
, cf. 18.62; ἄριστα πεποίηται Il.6.56
; πλείονα χρηστὰ περὶ τὴν πόλιν Ar.Eq. 811
; τὰ δίκαια τοῖς εὐεργέταις D.20.12
; ἅμα ἔπος τε καὶ ἔργον ἐποίεε Hdt.3.134
fin.; ποιέειν Σπαρτιητικά act like a Spartan, Id.5.40; οὗτος τί ποιεῖς; A. Supp. 911
, etc.; τὸ προσταχθὲν π. S.Ph. 1010
; π. τὴν μουσικήν practise it, Pl.Phd. 60e, etc.; πᾶν or πάντα π., v. πᾶς D. 111.2, etc.: Math., ὅπερ ἔδει ποιῆσαι, = Q.E.F., Euc.1.1, etc.

2 c. dupl. acc., do something to another, κακά or ἀγαθὰ ποιεῖν τινα, first in Hdt.3.75, al.; ἀγαθόν, κακὸν π. τινά, Isoc.16.50, etc.; μεγάλα τὴν πόλιν ἀγαθά Din.1.17
; also εὖ ποιεῖν τὸν εὖ ποιοῦντα X.Mem.2.3.8
; τὴν ἐκείνου (sc. χώραν) κακῶς π. D.1.18
; in LXX with Prep., π. κακὸν μετά τινων Ge. 26.29
; ταῦτα τοῦτον ἐποίησα Hdt.1.115
; κοὐκ οἶδ' ὅ τι χρῆμά με ποιεῖς Ar.V. 697
, cf. Nu. 259; also of things, ἀργύριον τωὐτὸ τοῦτο ἐποίεε he did this same thing with silver, Hdt.4.166: less freq. c. dat. pers., τῷ τεθνεῶτι μηδὲν τῶν νομιζομένων π. Is.4.19
; ἵππῳ τἀναντία X.Eq.9.12
codd., cf. Ar.Nu. 388, D.29.37: c. dat. rei, τί ποιήσωμεν κιβωτῷ; LXX 1 Ki.5.8
:—in [voice] Med., φίλα ποιέεσθαί τισι Hdt.2.152
,5.37.

3 with an Adv., ὧδε ποίησον do thus, Id.1.112; πῶς ποιήσεις; how will you act? S.OC 652; πῶς δεῖ ποιεῖν περὶ θυσίας X.Mem.1.3.1
; ποίει ὅπως βούλει Id.Cyr.1.4.9
; μὴ ἄλλως π. Pl.R. 328d
; πρὸς τοὺς πολεμίους πῶς ποιήσουσιν; ib. 469b; ὀρθῶς π. ib. 403e; εὖ, κακῶς π. τινά, v. supr. 2: freq. c. part., εὖ ἐποίησας ἀπικόμενος Hdt.5.24
, cf. Pl.Phd. 60c; καλῶς ποιεῖς προνοῶν X.Cyr.7.4.13
; οἷον ποιεῖς ἡγούμενος Pl.Chrm. 166c
; καλῶς ποιῶν almost Adverbial, καλῶς γ', ἔφη, ποιῶν σύ Id.Smp. 174e
; καλῶς ποιοῦντες.. πράττετε D.20.110
, cf. 1.28;
εὖ ποιοῦν
fortunately, Id.23.143
.

4 in Prose (rarely in Poetry, A.Pr. 935), used in the second clause, to avoid repeating the Verb of the first, ἐρώτησον αὐτούς· μᾶλλον δ' ἐγὼ τοῦθ' ὑπὲρ σοῦ ποιήσω I will do this for you, D.18.52, cf. 292, Hdt.5.97, Is.7.35.

II abs., to be doing, act, ποιέειν ἢ παθεῖν πρόκειται ἀγών Hdt.7.11
; ποιεῖν, as a category, opp. πάσχειν, Arist.Cat. 2a3, cf. GC 322b11, Ph. 225b13.

b of medicine, operate, be efficacious, Pl.Phd. 117b; λουτρὰ κάλλιστα ποιοῦντα πρὸς νόσους Str. 5.3.6
; πρὸς στραγγουρίαν, πρὸς τοὺς δαιμονιζομένους, Thphr.HP7.14.1, Ps.-Plu.Fluv.16.2: freq. in Dsc., πρὸς ἐπιλημπτικούς 1.6
, al.; εἰς τὰ αὐτά 2.133
: c. dat., στομαχικοῖς Gal.13.183
: abs., ἄκρως π. ib.265; also of charms, PMag.Osl.1.361.

2 Th. has a peculiar usage, ἡ εὔνοια παρὰ πολὺ ἐποίει μᾶλλον ἐς τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους good-will made greatly for, on the side of, the L., 2.8: impers., ἐπὶ πολὺ ἐποίει τῆς δόξης τοῖς μὲν ἠπειρώταις εἶναι, τοῖς δέ.. it was the general character of the one to be landsmen, of the others.., 4.12: the former passage is imitated by Arr.An.2.2.3, App.BC1.82, D.C.57.6.

C [voice] Med., = προσποιέομαι, pretend, c. inf., Zos.2.14.1, Procop.Arc. 10. ( ποιϝέω perh. from Ποι-ϝό-ς (in κλινοποιός, νεωποιός, τραπεζοποιός, etc.) 'builder', 'maker', cf. Skt. cinóti, cáyati 'arrange in order', 'build'.)

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ποιέω
17 ὑποδύω

ὑποδύω, [full] ὑποδύνω,

A put on under, κιθῶνας ὑποδύνειν τοῖσι εἵμασι Hdt.1.155
.

2 metaph., κίνδυνον ὑποδύνειν undergo danger, Id.3.69; ταῦτα ὑποδύνειν Id.7.10
.θ.

3 intr., slip in under, ὑποδύνουσι ὑπὸ τοὺς πίλους Id.4.75
: c. acc., slip into, insinuate oneself into, ὑπέδυνε τῶν Ἰώνων τὴν ἡγεμονίην Id.6.2
; τὸ δὶς παῖδες οἱ γέροντες ὑποδῦνον αὐτοὺς νύττει Phld.Lib.p.64
O.: v. infr. 11.1d.

4 slip from under, ἧττον ἂν ὑποδύοι ὁ ἵππος X.Eq.8.7
(the only place in which [tense] pres. [voice] Act. ὑποδύω is found).

II mostly in [voice] Med. [full] ὑποδύομαι, [tense] fut. - δύσομαι Od.20.53
, Arr.Fr. 126 J.: [tense] aor. 1 -εδυσάμην, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg. - εδύσετο Od.4.570
(tm.): also [tense] aor. 2 [voice] Act. -έδυν, [tense] pf. - δέδῡκα:—go or get under or down into, c. acc., ὑποδῦσα θαλάσσης κόλπον having plunged into.., Od. 4.435, cf. 570 (tm.), Il.18.145 (tm.); ὑ. ὑπὸ τὴν ζεύγλην Hdt.1.31
; ὑπὸ τὴν φοινικίδα Ar.Pl. 735
; - δεδυκότος τοῦ ἄρθρου εἰς χωρίον Hp.Art. 10
;
ὑ. ὑπὸ τῶν κεραμίδων
creep under, Ar.V. 205
; φέρει τιν' ὑποδεδυκότα underneath it, like Odysseus under the ram of Polyphemus, ib. 182; ὑπὸ παντὶ λίθῳ σκορπίος ὑποδύεται Scol.23
; εἰς τὴν θάλατταν Luc. Herm.71
: c. dat., ὑ. τῇ πέλτῃ Id.DMort.27.3
.

b put one's feet under a shoe, put on, ἀνύσας ὑπόδῡθι τὰς Λακωνικάς Ar.V. 1158
; ὑποδύσασθαι.. δυσμενῆ καττύματα ib. 1159; ὑποδυσάμενος ib. 1168 (but in these places Scal. restored ὑποδοῦ (ὑ. δ' ἀνύσας τι Van Leeuwen), ὑποδήσασθαι, -δησάμενος, cf. ὑποδέω 111.1
).

c metaph., put on a character (because the actor's face was put under a mask), ἡ κολακευτικὴ.., ὑποδῦσα ὑπὸ ἕκαστον τῶν μορίων, προσποιεῖται εἶναι τοῦθ' ὅπερ ὑπέδυ pretends to be the character which it puts on, Pl.Grg. 464c; οἱ σοφισταὶ ταὐτὸν ὑποδύονται σχῆμα τῷ φιλοσόφῳ Arist.Metaph. 1004b18
; ὑποδύεται ὑπὸ τὸ σχῆμα τὸ τῆς πολιτικῆς ἡ ῥητορική Id.Rh. 1356a27
; τὴν ἡδονὴν ὑποδύεται τὸ βλάπτον Ath.Med.
ap. Orib. inc.23.25; also ὑ. τὸν Δία, τὴν Ἀθηνᾶν, Luc.Pisc.33: c. dat., προγόνων ἀρεταῖς Plu.Arat.1
, cf. Gal.Thras.36; for ὀνόματι ὑ. συμμάχων in D.H.15.7, ὄνομα is prob. cj.

d metaph., insinuate oneself into favour with, τὸν δῆμον Plu.Cat.Mi.32
, cf. 57: abs., creep, θαύματα καὶ τότε ὑπεδύετο Pl.Lg. 967b
: v. supr. 1.3.

2 c. gen., come from under, come forth from, θάμνων ὑπεδύσετο Od.6.127
: metaph., κακῶν ὑποδύσεαι 20.53
.

3 go under so as to bear, bear on one's shoulders, τὸν μὲν ἔπειθ' ὑποδύντε Il.8.332
, 13.421.

b metaph., undergo labour or toil, take it on oneself, c. acc., ὑπέδυσαν τὸν πόλεμον Hdt.4.120
, cf. supr. 1.2; πόνον, κίνδυνον, X.Cyr.1.5.12, etc.;
τὸν Ἀριστοφάνην
tackle, Luc.Ind.27
; ὑ. αἰτίαν make oneself subject to.., D. 23.12.

c c. inf., submit, undertake, ὑποδύεσθαι διδάσκειν X.Oec.14.3
.

4 of feelings, steal into or over (cf. ὑφέρπω) , τίς μ' ὑποδύεται πλευρὰς ὀδύνα; A.Eu. 842
(lyr.): rarely c. dat., πᾶσιν δ' ὑπέδυ γόος sorrow stole upon all, Od.10.398; ἀλλά μοι ἄσκοπα κρυπτά τ' ἔπη.. ὑπέδυ S.Ph. 1112
(lyr.); ὑποδύεται.. ταῖς ψυχαῖς ὁρμή Luc.Anach.37
: abs., of diseases, X.Eq.4.2.

5 abs., slip or slink away, D.25.28.

6 submit to, τισι Arr.Parth.Fr.87 Roos; ὑποδύσεται τοῖς ἐκ Ῥωμαίων.. ἀξιουμένοις Id.Fr. 126
J.: also c. acc., ὑπέδυσαν τὰ ἐπαγγελλόμενα Id.Fr.3
J.; μηκέτι τὸ εἱμαρμένον ἢ παρὸν δυσχερᾶναι ἢ μέλλον ὑποδύεσθαι (sic cod. P) M.Ant.2.2 (vv. ll. ἀπο-, ἀνα-: ὑπιδέσθαι cj. Wilamowitz).

7 abs., ὀφθαλμοὶ ὑποδεδυκότες sunken, hollow eyes, Luc. Tim.17, Hippiatr.34.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑποδύω
18 κατέχω

κατέχω, [tense] fut. καθέξω (of duration) Il.18.332, κατασχήσω (of momentary action) Hdt.5.72, Th.4.42: [tense] aor. κατέσχον, poet.

A κατέσχεθον Hes.Th. 575
, S.El. 754; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg. κάσχεθε Il.11.702
, [dialect] Aeol. κατέσκ [ εθε] Alc.Supp. la.12; imper. κατάσχες E.Ba. 555
(lyr.), later κατάσχε Philostr.Ep.38
(v.l.), PMag.Lond.97.404; late [tense] aor. κατέσχα PGen. 54.22
(iv A.D.).

I trans., hold fast, καλύπτρην χείρεσσι Hes.Th. 575
.

b hold back, withhold, εἴ με βίῃ ἀέκοντα καθέξει Il.15.186
, cf. 11.702, Od.15.200; ἐν κολεῷ ξίφος Pi.N.10.6
: check, restrain, bridle, ἑωυτόν Hdt.6.129
, cf.Pl.Chrm. 162c, Men.Sam. 112; [ γυναῖκε] A.Pers. 190; ἱππικὸν δρόμον S.El. 754
; δάκρυ A.Ag. 204
(lyr.); ὀργήν, θυμόν, ὕβριν, etc., S.El. 1011, OC 874, E.Ba. 555 (lyr.), etc.; δύνασιν S.Ant. 605
(lyr.); τὴν διάνοιαν Th.1.130
; κ. τὴν ἀγωγήν put it off, Id.6.29; κ. τὸ πλῆθος ἐλευθέρως, ἰσχύϊ, Id.2.65, 3.62; κ. τινὰ πολέμῳ Id.1.103
; τὰ δάκρυα Pl.Phd. 117d
, al.; τὸν γέλωτα X.Cyr.2.2.5
, Pl.La. 184a, Thphr.Char.2.4; οὖρον hold in, Gal.8.407 (but -όμενα [οὖρα] as a disease, Hp.Prorrh.1.59, cf. Gal.16.639); ἑαυτὸν κατέχει μὴ ἐπιπηδᾶν restrains himself from.., Pl.Phdr. 254a:—[voice] Pass., to be held down, γλῶσσα κατείχετο Hp.Epid.5.50
; ἐπιθυμίας -ομένας Pl.R. 554c
; to be bound, ὁρκίοισι μεγάλοισι Hdt.1.29
; ὑποσχέσει PAmh. 2.97.17
(ii A.D.); τοῖς τινων ὀφειλήμασιν PRyl.117.13
(iii A.D.); of a nation, to be kept under (by tyrants), Hdt.1.59.

c detain, κ. [αὐτοὺς] ἐνιαυτόν Id.6.128
, cf. 8.57, Th.8.100; κ. [αὐτοὺς] ὥστε μὴ ἀπιέναι X. Mem.2.6.11
:—[voice] Pass., to be detained, stay, Hdt.8.117, S.Tr. 249; περὶ Κρήτην Th.2.86
, etc.

d in imprecations, inhibit (cf. καταδέω (A) 111), Tab.Defix.Aud.50.11 (iv B.C.), PMag.Par.1.2077; Μανῆν καταδῶ καὶ κατέχω Tab.Defix.109
.

e place under arrest, PFlor.61.60 (i A.D.), etc.

f keep an oath, ὅρκον SIG526.39
(Itanos, iii B.C.).

2 c.gen., gain possession of, be master of, τῶν ἐπιστημῶν μὴ πάνυ κ. Arist.Cat. 9a6
; τῆς ὀργῆς Philem.185
codd. Stob.; τῆς παραποταμίας βίᾳ κατέσχον D.S.12.82
, cf. Plb.14.1.9; τῆς Ἀσίας ἐθνῶν App.Praef. 9
; control, τινων LXX 1 Ma.6.27; ἑαυτῶν Erot.s.v.
προπετής; μηκέτι κατέχων ἑαυτοῦ Hdn.1.15.1
, cf. 1.7.3; cling to, τῶν κεράτων τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου LXX 3 Ki.1.51
.

II possess, occupy, esp.of rulers, A.Th. 732 (lyr.), E.Hec.81 (anap.); σῴζειν ἅπερ ἃν ἅπαξ κατάσχωσι whatever they have got, Isoc.12.242; esp. of property. enjoy possession of, PTeb.5.47 (ii B.C.), etc. (but also, sequestrate, PLille3.16 ([voice] Pass., iii B.C.), etc.); ὡς μηδὲν ἔχοντες καὶ πάντα κατέχοντες 2 Ep.Cor.6.10
.

b dwell in, occupy, Ὀλύμπου αἴγλαν S.Ant. 609
(lyr.); esp. of tutelary gods, Παρνασίαν ὃς κ. πέτραν, of Dionysus, Ar.Nu. 603 (lyr.), cf. X.Cyr.2.1.1, SIG662.10 (Delos, ii B.C.), Luc.Alex.10; of a place, μέσον ὀμφαλὸν γᾶς Φοίβου κ. δόμος E. Ion 223
(lyr.); of the dead. θήκας Ἰλιάδος γᾶς.. κατέχουσι occupy, A.Ag. 454 (lyr.), cf. S.Aj. 1167 (anap.).

2 of sound, fill, οἱ δ' ἀλαλητῷ πᾶν πεδίον κατέχουσι Il. 16.79
; κ. στρατόπεδον δυσφημίαις fill it with his grievous cries, S. Ph.10; οἰμωγὴ.. κατεῖχε πελαγίαν ἅλα A.Pers. 427
, cf. E.Hipp. 1133 (lyr.):—[voice] Pass., οἶκος κλαυθμῷ κατείχετο Hdt.1.111
.

3 πανδάκρυτον βιοτὰν κ. continue to live a life.., S.Ph. 690 (lyr.).

4 to be spread over, cover, νὺξ.. δνοφερὴ κάτεχ' οὐρανόν Od.13.269
; ἡμέρα πᾶσαν κατέσχε γαῖαν A.Pers. 387
, cf. Ar.Nu. 572 (lyr.); τίνες αὖ πόντον κατέχουσ' αὖραι; Cratin.138; ὀσμὴ.. κατὰ πᾶν ἔχει δῶ Hermipp.82.9
:—[voice] Pass., σελήνη.. κατείχετο.. νεφέεσσιν Od.9.145
, cf. Il.17.368, 644:—[voice] Med., [dialect] Ep.[tense] aor., κατέσχετο χερσὶ πρόσωπα Od.19.361
; κατασχομένη ἑανῷ having covered her face, Il.3.419.

5 of the grave, confine, cover, τοὺς δ' ἤδη κάτεχεν φυσίζοος αἶα 3.243
, cf. Od.11.301, Orac. ap. Hdt.1.67; as a threat, πάρος τινὰ γαῖα καθέξει sooner shall earth cover many a one, Il.16.629, cf. Od.13.427, etc.

6 of circumstances, etc., hold fast, have one in their power, μιν κατὰ γῆρας ἔχει χεῖράς τε πόδας τε Od.11.497
; ὃν θάνατος δακρυόεις καθέχει (sic) IG12.987; ἐχθρὰ Φάλαριν κ. φάτις Pi.P.1.96
; τινὰ.. λάθα κ. Id.N.8.24
; [φθορὰ] κ. τὸν σὸν δόμον S.OC 370
; τύχη, πόλεμος κ. τινά, Pl.Hp.Ma. 304c, Ep. 317a; κ. κίνδυνος Σικελίαν ib. 355d; συνέβη λοιμώδη νόσον κατασχεῖν τὴν Ἰταλίαν Hdn.1.12.1
:—[voice] Pass., ὑπὸ μεγάλης ἀνάγκης κατεχόμενοι Pl. Lg. 858a
: rarely in good sense, ὁ δ' ὄλβιος, ὃν φᾶμαι κατέχοντ' ἀγαθαί Pi.O.7.10
; μεγάλαι κ. τύχαι γένος ὀρνίθων Ar.Av. 1726
(lyr.); εὐμοιρίας -εχούσης τὸν βίον Hdn.2.5.1
.

b of circumstances, etc., prevail, prevail among, engage, ἄλλα τῶν κατεχόντων πρηγμάτων χαλεπώτερα Hdt.6.40
, cf. 1.65; μεγάλοι θόρυβοι κατέχουσ' ἡμᾶς murmurs are rife among us, S.Aj. 142 (anap.); φήμης ἀθρόας -σχούσης τὸ Ἑλληνικόν a sudden rumour having overspread Greece, Philostr.VA8.15.

7 seize, occupy, in right of conquest, τὸ Καδμείων πέδον dub. in S.OC 381; esp. in histor. writers, -σχήσειν [τὴν ἀκρόπολιν] Hdt.5.72; τὰ πρήγματα Id.3.143
; τὰ ἐχυρά X.Cyr.3.1.27
; τὰ κύκλῳ τῆς Ἀττικῆς ἁρμοσταῖς D.18.96
; φρουραῖς τὰς πόλεις Plu.2.177d
.

8 achieve, effect an object, Isoc.2.25; πρᾶξιν Arist.Pol. 1312a33
.

9 master, understand, οὐ κατέχω τί βούλει φράζειν Pl.Phlb. 26c
, cf. Men. 72d, Ceb.34; περὶ φύσεως κ. πάντας τοὺς λόγους Sosip.1.17
, cf. 33; κ. νοῦν στίχων grasp the sense of.., Puchstein Epigr.Gr.p.9.

b keep in mind, remember, χρήσιμον καὶ τοῦτο κατασχεῖν τὸ στοιχεῖον Epicur. Ep.1p.10U.
, cf. Thphr.Char.26.2, Men.Epit. 109; κ. τινὰ ὀψοφάγον Chrysipp.Tyan. ap. Ath.1.5e; κ. ὅτι, διότι, PCair.Zen.60.10 (iii B.C.), Phld.Herc.1251.15:—[voice] Pass., Epicur.Ep.1p.31U.

10 possess, of a god, εἰ θεός ἐστιν ὁ σὰς κατέχων φρένας PLit.Lond.52.12
; τοιοῦτος ἔρως κατεῖχε τὴν ἄνθρωπον she was so infatuated, Plu.Alc.23; of an actor, κ. τὸ θέατρον held the audience spellbound, Plu.Dem.29 (but, kept the audience waiting, Phoc.19); of poets, μύθοις [τοὺς ἀκούοντας] κ. Luc.JTr.39
(v.l. κατηχοῦσι):—mostly in [voice] Pass., of persons, to be possessed, inspired, Pl. Ion 533e; ἐξ Ὁμήρου ib. 536b; ἐκ θεῶν X. Smp.1.10
; κάρῳ Phld.D.1.18
; τὸ θέατρον κατείχετο the audience was spellbound, Eun.Hist.p.247 D.; of hydrophobia patients, Philum. Ven.4.11; of a lover, τῷ αὐτῷ θεῷ (sc. Ἔρωτι) κατέσχημαι Luc. DMort.19.1
:—also in [tense] aor. [voice] Med., Pl.Phdr. 244e.

III follow close upon, press hard, X.Cyr.1.4.22 (dub.l.), Cyn.6.22:—[voice] Pass., ib. 9.20.

IV bring a ship to land, Hdt.6.101, 7.59, Plu.2.162a.

B intr.,

1 (sc. ἑαυτόν) control oneself, S.OT 782; οὐκέτι καθέξω Men.Pk. 394
; εἶπεν οὖν μὴ κατασχών Plu.Art.15
; οὐ κατέσχεν App.BC3.43
: c. inf., κ. τὸ μὴ δακρύειν Pl.Phd. 117c
.

b stop, cease, of the wind, Ar. Pax 944 (lyr.).

2 come from the high sea to shore, put in (v. supr. IV), νηΐ Θορικόνδε h.Cer. 126
; τῆς Μαγνησίης χώρης ἐς τὸν αἰγιαλόν Hdt.7.188
, cf. 6.101, Plb.1.25.7, Plu. Thes.21; τίνες ποτ' ἐς γῆν τήνδε.. κατέσχετε; S.Ph. 221, cf. 270, E. Heracl.83 (lyr.), Antipho 5.21, etc.: c. acc. loci, E.Hel. 1206, Cyc. 223; of a journey by land, rest, προξένων δ' ἔν του κατέσχες; Id. Ion 551, cf. Plb.5.71.2: metaph., εὖ κατασχήσει shall come safe to land, S.El. 503 (lyr.).

3 prevail, ὁ λόγος κ. the report prevails, Th.1.10; κληδὼν ἐν ἁπάσῃ τῇ πόλει κατεῖχεν And.1.130
; σεισμῶν -εχόντων Th.3.89
; ὁ βορέας κατεῖχεν Arist.Mete. 345a1
, cf. 360b33, Thphr.CP1.5.1.

4 gain the upper hand, παρά τινι Thgn.262
; gain one's purpose, Lys.3.42; ὁ δὲ κατεῖχε τῇ βοῇ Ar.Ec. 434
; νομίζοντες ῥᾳδίως κατασχήσειν Arist.Pol. 1307b10
.

C [voice] Med., keep back for oneself, embezzle, [ τὰ χρήματα] Hdt.7.164.

2 cover oneself, v. supr. A.11.4.

3 hold, contain, Plb.9.26a.7.

II [tense] aor. [voice] Med., = κατέχω B. 2, Od.3.284.

2 in pass. sense, τεαῖς ῥιπαῖσι κατασχόμενος subdued, Pi.P.1.10; καρδίαν κατέσχετο ἔρωτι was seized with, possessed by, E.Hipp.27; v. supr.A. 11.10.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κατέχω
19 τρέπω

τρέπω, Il.8.399, etc.: [tense] fut.

A τρέψω 15.261
, etc.: [tense] aor. 1 ἔτρεψα 18.469
, etc., [dialect] Ep. τρέψα 16.645
: besides [tense] aor. 1 Hom. has [tense] aor. 2 ἔτρᾰπον, Od.4.294, al., also Pi.O.10(11).15 (sts. also intr., v. περιτρέπω 11 and perh. Il.16.657, cf. 111 fin.): [dialect] Aeol. [tense] aor. ἔτροπον, v. ἀνατρέπω: [tense] pf. τέτροφα Ar.Nu. 858
, Anaxandr.51, ([etym.] ἀνα-) S.Tr. 1009 (lyr.), And.1.131; later τέτρᾰφα Din.1.108
, ([etym.] ἀνα-) ib.30, D.18.296 (cod. S), Aeschin.1.190, 3.158 (but cf. Wackernagel Studien zum griech. Perf.15); ἐπι-τέτραφα Plb.30.6.6
:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. τρέψομαι Hdt.1.97
, Hp.Prog.20, E. Hipp. 1066, etc.: [tense] aor. ἐτρεψάμην Od.1.422
, E.Heracl. 842: also [tense] aor. 2 ἐτραπόμην Il.16.594
, Hdt.2.3, al. (used also in pass. sense, ([etym.] ἀν-) Il.6.64, 14.447, and once in [dialect] Att., ([etym.] ἀν-) Pl.Cra. 395d); imper. τραποῦ Ar.Ra. 1248
: [tense] pf. (v. infr.):—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. τρᾰπήσομαι Plu.Nic.21
, etc.; also τετράψομαι Ph.1.220
, ([etym.] ἐπι-) Pisistr. ap. D.L.1.54: [tense] aor. ἐτρέφθην Hom. Epigr.14.7
, once in Trag., E.El. 1046 (v. ἐπιτρέπω); [dialect] Ion. τραφθῆναι Od.15.80
, cf. Hdt.4.12: [tense] aor. 2 ἐτράπην [pron. full] [ᾰ] A.Pers. 1029 (lyr.), Ar.Ec. 416, etc.; ἐτρέπην ([etym.] ἐν-) UPZ5.24 (ii B. C.): [tense] pf. τέτραμμαι Pl.R. 519b
; [ per.] 3pl. τετράφαται Thgn.42
, cf. Il.2.25 ([etym.] ἐπι-); [ per.] 3sg. imper. τετράφθω 12.273
; part. τετραμμένος 19.212
, etc.: [tense] plpf., [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg. τέτραπτο Od.4.260
; [ per.] 3pl. τετράφατο Il.10.189
.—From the [tense] aor. 2 has been formed the [tense] pres. ἐπιτρᾰπέουσι, ib. 421; cf. τραπητέον.—The [dialect] Ion. forms used by Hdt. are [tense] pres. [voice] Pass. τράπονται 6.33
, al.; [ per.] 3sg. [tense] impf. τρέπεσκε 4.128
; [tense] aor. [voice] Pass. τραφθείς 9.56
; but [tense] fut. ἐπιτράψομαι is f. l. in 3.155, and in the [tense] pres. [voice] Act. and [voice] Pass. codd. vary (both forms in codd. of 2.92 ([voice] Act.), τρέπεται 1.117
, τράπεται 4.60
):—[dialect] Dor. forms, [full] τράπω EM114.19; [tense] fut. ἐπι-τραψῶ Schwyzer198.21
([place name] Crete):— turn or direct towards a thing, Hom., etc.; mostly folld. by a Prep., τ. [φύσας] ἐς πῦρ Il.18.469
; ἐς ποταμὸν φλόγα 21.349
; εἰς εὐνὴν τράπεθ' ἥμεας show us to bed, Od.4.294 (perh. with a punning reference to ταρπώμεθα in next line); λέκτρονδε τραπείομεν εὐνηθέντες 8.292
(as though τραπείομεν in Il.3.441 belonged to τρέπω and not to τέρπω; unless there is a pause after λέκτρονδε) ; θυμὸν εἰς ἔργον τ. Hes.Op. 316
; εἰς ἐχθροὺς βέλος A.Th. 255
; πόλεις ἐς ὕβριν Th.3.39
; τὸν ἄνθρωπον.. εἰς ἀθυμίαν D.23.194
; πρὸς ἠέλιον κεφαλήν Od.13.29
; πρὸς ὄρος πίονα μῆλα 9.315
; πρὸς εὐφροσύναν ἦτορ Pi.I.3.10
; τὰς γνώμας πρὸς χρηματισμόν Pl.Ep. 355b
; also ἐπ' ἐμπορίην θυμόν Hes.Op. 646
, cf. Pl. Phdr. 257b, R. 508c; δᾶμον ἐς ἡσυχίαν Pi.P.1.70
; ἐπ' ἐχθροῖς χεῖρα S.Aj. 772
; κατὰ πληθὺν τ. θυμόν Il.5.676
; ἀντίον Ζεφύρου πρόσωπον Hes.Op. 594
: with Advbs., πάντων ὁμόσε στόματ' ἔτραπε Il.12.24
; οὐκ οἶδ' ὅποι χρὴ.. τ. ἔπος S.Ph. 897
; ἐνταῦθα σὴν φρένα E.IT 1322
; τὴν διάνοιαν ἄλλοσε Pl.R. 393a
; ἐκεῖσε τ. τὰς ἡδονάς Id.Lg. 643c
; ἐπὶ τὴν θεραπείαν τὸν λόγον Sor.2.23
: c. inf., σέ.. ἔτραπε.. ὀργὰ παρφάμεν led thee to speak crookedly, Pi.P.9.43:—also in [voice] Med., τραπέσθαι τινὰ ἐπί τι Pl.Euthd. 303c
, cf. Chrm. 156c:—[voice] Pass., κεῖται ἀνὰ πρόθυρον τετραμμένος Il.19.212
.

2 [voice] Pass. and [voice] Med., turn one's steps, turn in a certain direction, τραφθῆναι ἀν' Ἑλλάδα Od.15.80
; τραφθέντες ἐς τὸ πεδίον Hdt. 9.56
; ἐς Θήβας ἐτραπόμην Id.2.3
; ἐπὶ Προκόννησον, ἐπ' Ἀθηνέων, Id 6.33, 5.57: with Advbs., ἀμηχανεῖν ὅποι τράποιντο which way to turn, A. Pers. 459; ἀμηχανῶ.. ὅπᾳ τράπωμαι Id.Ag. 1532
(lyr.); πᾷ τις τράποιτ' ἄν; Id.Ch. 409
(lyr.); ποῖ τρέψομαι; E.Hipp. 1066
, cf. X.An.3.5.13; ποῖ χρὴ τραπέσθαι; Lys.29.2
: c. acc. cogn., τραπέσθαι ὁδόν take a course, Hdt.1.11, cf. 9.69, Pl.Sph. 242b; πολλὰς ὁδοὺς τραπόμενοι κατὰ ὄρη Th.5.10
; ἐτρέφθην ἥνπερ ἦν πορεύσιμον E.El. 1046
.

3 in [voice] Pass. and [voice] Med. also, turn or betake oneself, εἰς ὀρχηστύν, εἰς ἀοιδήν, Od.1.422, 18.305; ἐπὶ ἔργα Il.3.422
, etc.; ἐπ' ἀναιδείην Hom Epigr.14.7; ἐπὶ σωφροσύνην Thgn.379
; ἐπὶ ψευδέα ὁδόν Hdt.1.117
; ἐπὶ φροντίδας E.IA 646
; ἐφ' ἁρπαγήν Th.4.104
; ἐπ' εἰρήνην X.HG4.4.2
; ἐς τὸ μαίνεσθαι S.OC 1537
; ἐς ἀλκήν Th.2.84
; εἰς ἁρπαγὴν ἐπὶ τὰς οἰκίας X.HG6.5.30
; κατὰ θέαν τετραμμένοι Th.5.9
; πρὸς ἀλκήν Hdt.3.78
; πρὸς τὸ κέρδιον τραπείς S.Aj. 743
; πρὸς λῃστείαν Th.1.5
; πρὸς ἄριστον τετρ. Hdt.1.63
; πρὸς τὸν πότον Pl.Smp. 176a
, etc.; also τ. πρός τινα betake oneself, have recourse to him, Cratin.152, X.An.4.5.30, Pl.Prt. 339e; ἐφ' ἱκετείαν τ. τῶν διωκόντων Id.Ap. 39a
.

4 [voice] Pass. and [voice] Med., of places, to be turned or look in a certain direction, πρὸς ζόφον Od. 12.81
; πρὸς ἄρκτον, πρὸς νότον, etc., Hdt. 1.148, Th.2.15, etc.; also πρὸς τοῦ Τμώλου Hdt.1.84
; ἄντ' ἠελίου τετρ. straight towards, Hes. Op. 727.

II turn, i. e. turn round or about, πάλιν τρέπειν turn back, ἵππους Il.8.432
; τινα ib. 399; ὄσσε, δόρυ, 21.415, 20.439; τὰ καλὰ τ. ἔξω turn the best side outmost, show the best side (of a garment), Pi.P.3.83:—[voice] Pass., πάλιν ἐτράπετ' Il.21.468
; μή τις ὀπίσσω τετράφθω 12.273
; c. gen., turn from.., υἷος 18.138
; ἐτράπετ' αἰχμή the point bent back, like ἀνεγνάμφθη, 11.237; of the sun having passed the meridian, πόστην ἥλιος τέτραπται; Ar.Fr. 163
, cf. Antig. Mir.60; also of the solstice, ἐπειδὰν ἐν χειμῶνι τράπηται [ὁ ἥλιος] (v. τροπή 1
) X.Mem.4.3.8, cf. Pl.Lg. 915d; τραπείσης τῆς ὥρας Arist. HA 628b26
:—intr. in [voice] Act., περὶ δ' ἔτραπον ὧραι, v. περιτρέπω 11.

2 τ. τι εἴς τινα turn upon another's head, τ. τὴν αἰτίαν, τὴν ὀργὴν εἴς τινα, Is.8.41, D.8.57; freq. in imprecations, ἐς κεφαλὴν τράποιτ' ἐμοί on my head be it! Ar.Ach. 833, cf. Hdt.2.39; εἰς σεαυτὸν τρεπέσθω on your head be it! IG4.444 ([place name] Phlius); ἦ κἀπ' ἐμοὶ τρέποιτ' ἂν αἰτίας τέλος; A.Eu. 434
;
κατὰ σεαυτόν νυν τρέπου
keep your ills to yourself, Ar.Ach. 1019
, Nu. 1263; πρὸς ὑμᾶς αὐτοὺς τρέψεσθε Lys.8.19
.

3 alter, change, φρένας Il.6.61
; τὰς γνώμας X.An.3.1.41
; [τὸ χρῶμα] Sor.1.35; [ τὸ γάλα] ib.92; ἔτραπεν κεῖνον μισθῷ χρυσός Pi.P.3.55
; deceive, Archil.166; ἐς κακὸν τ. τινά Pi.P.3.35
; ἅττ' ἂν ὑμεῖς ἐξαμάρτητ' ἐπὶ τὸ βέλτιον τρέπειν Ar.Nu. 589
(troch.); ἐς γέλων τὸ πρᾶγμ' ἔτρεψας Id.V. 1261
, cf. Hdt.7.105, etc.: [voice] Med., πρὸς τὰς ξυμφορὰς τὰς γνώμας τρέπεσθαι shift their views, Th.1.140, cf. Plu. 2.71e, etc.:—[voice] Pass., to be changed, τρέπεται χρώς Il.13.279
, cf. Od. 21.413, Hes.Op. 416; τὴν χρόαν τρέπεσθαι, of animals, Plu.2.51d; τῷ χρώματι τρεπομένας, of women, Sor.1.35 (so abs., of a man, Id.Vit.Hippocr.5); ὁ οὕτω τρεπόμενος σφυγμός Gal.18(2).40
; τρέπεται νόος Od.3.147
; νόος ἐτράπετ' 7.263
; Διὸς ἐτράπετο φρήν Il.10.45
; τράπομαι καὶ τὴν γνώμην μετατίθεμαι Hdt.7.18
; ὁρῶν αὐτοὺς τετραμμένους seeing that they had changed their minds, Id.9.34, cf. Th.4.106; ἐπὶ τὰ βελτίω τρέπου Ar.V. 986
: c. inf., κραδίη τέτραπτο νέεσθαι Od.4.260
; ἐτράποντο.. τῷ δήμῳ.. τὰ πράγματα ἐνδιδόναι Th. 2.65
: c. acc. cogn., πλείους τραπόμενος τροπὰς τοῦ Εὐρίπου Aeschin. 3.90
; οἶνος τρέπεται the wine turns, becomes sour (v. τροπίας), S.E. P.1.41; ἡ ξανθὴ χολὴ.. εἰς τὸν ἰώδη τρέπεται χυμόν Gal.16.534
; ἡ ἀδελφὴ ἐπὶ τὸ κομψότερον ἐτράπη has taken a turn for the better, POxy.935.5 (iii A. D.); ἐπὶ τὸ ῥᾷον ἔδοξεν τετράφθαι ib.939.17 (iv A. D.); τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν εἰς ἄπορον τραπέντος having become destitute, PMeyer 8.14 (ii A. D.):—intr. in [voice] Act., τοῦ ἄρχοντος τρέποντος εἰς δεσπότην Ph.2.562
.

III turn or put to flight, rout, defeat, τρέψω δ' ἥρωας Ἀχαιούς Il.15.261
; ἔτρεψε φάλαγγας Tyrt.12.21
, cf. Pi.O.10 (11).15, Hdt.1.63, 4.128, Th.1.62, 4.25,33, etc.; in full, φύγαδε τ. Il.8.157
; εἰς φυγὴν ἔτρεψε τοὺς ἑξακισχιλίους X.An.1.8.24
; τρέψαι καὶ ἐς φυγὴν καταστῆσαι Th.7.43
(but
ἔτρεψαν ἐς φυγὴν πόδα
they fled, E.Supp. 718
):—[voice] Med., [tense] pres., X.An.5.4.16, J.AJ13.2.4, Plu.Cam.29: [tense] fut., Ar.Eq. 275 (troch.): [tense] aor. 1, E.Heracl. 842, X.An.6.1.13:—[voice] Pass., to be put to flight, [tense] aor. 2 ἐτράπην A.Pers. 1029
(lyr.), X.Cyr.5.4.7 (v.l. ἐτράποντο), etc.: also [tense] aor. 1 ἐτρέφθην Id.An.5.4.23
, HG3.4.14, Cyn.12.5: [tense] aor. 2 [voice] Med. ἐτραπόμην Hdt.1.80
, 9.63, etc.; ἐς φυγὴν τραπέσθαι Id.8.91
, Th.8.95; τραπόμενοι κατέφυγον Id.4
54; φυγῇ ἄλλος ἄλλῃ ἐτράπετο X.An.4.8.19
; ἐτράποντο φεύγειν Plu.Lys. 28
, Caes.45: rarely in [tense] pf. [voice] Pass., τετραμμένου φυγᾷ γένους A.Th. 952
(lyr.):—also intr. in [voice] Act., φύγαδ' ἔτραπε Il.16.657
(unless it governs δίφρον).

IV turn away, keep off, οὐκ ἄν με τρέψειαν ὅσοι θεοί εἰσ' ἐν Ὀλύμπῳ 8.451
; τ. τινὰ ἀπὸ τείχεος 22.16
; ἑκάς τινος Od.17.73
([voice] Med.); τῇ.. νόον ἔτραπεν 19.479
: abs., ἀλλὰ Ζεὺς ἔτρεψε Il.4.381
; of weapons, βέλος.. ἔτραπεν ἄλλῃ 5.187
; ἀπὸ ἔγχεος ὁρμὴν ἔτραπε Hes. Sc. 456
.

V overturn, εὐτυχοῦντα μὲν σκιά τις ἂν τρέψειεν A.Ag. 1328
(s. v.l.); τ. ἄνω κάτω Id.Fr. 311
.

VI turn, apply, τ. τι ἐς ἄλλο τι Hdt.2.92
; τὰς ἐμβάδας ποῖ τέτροφας; what have you done with your shoes? Ar.Nu. 858; τὸν μόναυλον ποῖ τέτροφας; Anaxandr. 51
:—[voice] Pass., ποῖ τρέπεται.. τὰ χρήματα; Ar.V. 665
(anap.).

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τρέπω
20 βάλλω

βάλλω, [tense] fut. βᾰλῶ (in [dialect] Att. Prose only in compds.), [dialect] Ion.

A βαλέω Il. 8.403
, βαλλήσω Ar.V. 222
, 1491: [tense] aor. 2 ἔβᾰλον, [dialect] Ion. προ-βάλεσκε Od. 5.331
; later [tense] aor. 1 ἔβαλα LXX3 Ki.6.1
(5.18); [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. inf. βαλέειν Il.2.414
,al., Hdt.2.111,al., but βαλεῖν Il.13.387
, 14.424; opt. βλείης in Epich.219, part. βλείς Id.176
, as if from ἔβλην (v. συμβάλλω): [tense] pf. βέβληκα: [tense] plpf. ἐβεβλήκειν, [dialect] Ep. βεβλήκειν Il.5.661
:—[voice] Med., [dialect] Ion. [tense] impf. βαλλέσκετο Hdt.9.74
: [tense] fut. βᾰλοῦμαι ([etym.] προ-) Ar.Ra. 201, ([etym.] ἐπι-) Th.6.40, etc., [dialect] Ep. βαλεῦμαι ([etym.] ἀμφι-) Od.22.103: [tense] aor. 2 ἐβᾰλόμην, [dialect] Ion. imper.
βαλεῦ Hdt.8.68
.γ, used mostly in compds.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. βληθήσομαι X.HG7.5.11
, ([etym.] δια-) E.Hec. 863; also βεβλήσομαι Id.Or. 271
, Hld.2.13, ([etym.] δια-) D.16.2; part. δια-βεβλησόμενος Philostr. VA6.13
([dialect] Ep. [tense] fut. ξυμ-βλήσομαι, v. συμβάλλω): [tense] aor. ἐβλήθην Hdt.1.34
, Th.8.84, etc.: Hom. also has an [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. [voice] Pass., ἔβλητο Il.11.675
, ξύμβλητο 14.39
; subj. βλήεται Od.17.472
; opt. βλῇο or βλεῖο Il.13.288
; inf. βλῆσθαι 4.115
; part. βλήμενος 15.495
: [tense] pf. βέβλημαι, [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl. βεβλήαται 11.657
(but [ per.] 3sg. h.Ap.20), opt. δια-βεβλῇσθε And.2.24
: [tense] plpf. ἐβεβλήμην ([etym.] περι-) X.HG7.4.22, ([etym.] ἐξ-) Isoc.18.17; [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl. περι-εβεβλέατο Hdt.6.25
.—[dialect] Ep. [tense] pf. βεβόλημαι in special sense, v. βολέω.

A [voice] Act., throw:

I with acc. of person or thing aimed at, throw so as to hit, hit with a missile, freq. opp. striking with a weapon in the hand, βλήμενος ἠὲ τυπείς Il.15.495
; τὸν βάλεν, οὐδ' ἀφάμαρτε 11.350
, cf. 4.473, al.; so even in ἐγγύθεν ἐλβὼν βεβλήκει.. δουρί 5.73
; and δουρὶ ὤμων μεσσηγὺς σχεδόθεν βάλε 16.807
; but later opp. τοξεύειν, D.9.17, X.An.4.2.12; ἐκ χειρὸς β. ib.3.3.15: c. dat. instrumenti, β. τινὰ δουρί, πέτρῳ, κεραυνῷ, etc., Il.13.518, 20.288, Od.5.128, etc.: βλήμενος ἢ ἰῷ ἢ ἔγχεϊ Il.8.514
: c. dupl. acc. pers. et partis, μιν βάλε μηρὸν ὀϊστῷ 11.583
: c. acc. partis only, 5.19, 657; so τὸν δ' Ὀδυσεὺς κατὰ λαιμὸν.. βάλεν ἰῷ Od.22.15
; δουρὶ βαλὼν πρὸς στῆθος Il. 11.144
: c. acc. cogn., ἕλκος.., τό μιν βάλε Πάνδαρος ἰῷ 5.795
; also βάλε Τυδεΐδαο κατ' ἀσπίδα smote upon it, ib. 281.

2 less freq. of things, ἡνίοχον κονίης ῥαθάμιγγες ἔβαλλον 23.502
; of drops of blood, 11.536, cf. A.Ag. 1390: metaph., κηλὶς ἔβαλέ νιν μητροκτόνος E.IT 1200
, cf. HF 1219; of the sun, ἀκτῖσιν ἔβαλλεν [θάμνους] Od.5.479; ἔβαλλε.. οὐρανὸν Ἠώς A.R.4.885
(so [voice] Pass., σελήνη.. δι' εὐτρήτων βαλλομένη θυρίδων AP5.122
(Phld.)); strike the senses, of sound, ἵππων ὠκυπόδων ἀμφὶ κτύπος οὔατα βάλλει Il.10.535
, cf. S.Ant. 1188, Ph. 205 (lyr.); of smell, ὀσμὴ β. τινά Id.Ant. 412
; τάχ' ἂν πέμφιξ σε βροντῆς καὶ δυσοσμίας β. Id.Fr. 538
.

3 metaph., β. τινὰ κακοῖς, φθόνῳ, ψόγῳ, smite with reproaches, etc., Id.Aj. 1244, E.El. 902, Ar. Th. 895; στεφάνοις β. τινά Pi.P.8.57
(hence metaph., praise, Id.O.2.98); φθόνος βάλλει A.Ag. 947
; φίλημα βάλλει τὴν καρδίαν Ach.Tat. 2.37
.

II with acc. of the weapon thrown, cast, hurl, of missiles, rare in Hom., βαλὼν βέλος Od.9.495
; χαλκὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσι βαλών Il.5
. 346, cf. Od.20.62; ἐν νηυσὶν.. πῦρ β. Il.13.629
: c. dat., of the weapon, throw or shoot with a thing, οἱ δ' ἄρα χερμαδίοισι.. βάλλον 12.155
; βέλεσι Od.16.277
: in Prose abs., β. ἐπί τινα throw at one, Th.8.75; ἐπὶ σκοπόν X.Cyr.1.6.29
; ἐπίσκοπα Luc.Am.16
; alone, οἱ ψιλοὶ βάλλοντες εἶργον Th.4.33
: c. gen., βάλλοντα τοῦ σκοποῦ hitting the mark, Pl.Sis. 391a.

2 generally of anything thrown, εἰς ἅλα λύματ' ἔβαλλον Il.1.314
; τὰ μὲν ἐν πυρὶ βάλλε Od.14.429
; [νῆα] β. ποτὶ πέτρας 12.71
; εὐνὰς β. throw out the anchor-stones, 9.137; β. σπόρον cast the seed, Theoc.25.26; β. κόπρον POxy.934.9
(iii A. D.): hence
β. ἀρούρας
manure, PFay.118.21
(ii A. D.): metaph., ὕπνον.. ἐπὶ βλεφάροις β. Od.1.364
; β. σκότον ὄμμασι E.Ph. 1535
(lyr.); β. λύπην τινί S.Ph.67
.

b of persons, β. τινὰ ἐν κονίῃσιν, ἐν δαπέδῳ, Il.8.156, Od. 22.188; γῆς ἔξω β. S.OT 622
; β. τινὰ ἄθαπτον Id.Aj. 1333
; ἄτιμον Id.Ph. 1028
:—[voice] Pass., ὑπὸ χλαίνῃ βεβλημένος AP5.164
(Mel.);
βεβλημένος
on a sick-bed, Ev.Matt.8.14
: then metaph., ἐς κακὸν β. τινά Od. 12.221
; ὅς με μετ'.. ἔριδας καὶ νείκεα β. Il.2.376
; β. τινὰ ἐς ἔχθραν, ἐς φόβον, A.Pr. 390, E.Tr. 1058; also ἐν αἰτίᾳ or αἰτίᾳ β. τινά, S.OT 657, Tr. 940 (but in E.Tr. 305 β. αἰτίαν ἔς τινα) ; κινδύνῳ β. τινά A.Th. 1053
.

3 let fall, ἑτέρωσε κάρη βάλεν Il.8.306
, cf. 23.697; β. ἀπὸ δάκρυ παρειῶν Od.4.198
, cf. 114; κατὰ βλεφάρων β. δάκρυα Thgn. 1206
; κατ' ὄσσων E.Hipp. 1396
; αἵματος πέμφιγα πρὸς πέδῳ β. A.Fr. 183
; β. τοὺς ὀδόντας cast, shed them, Arist.HA 501b2, etc.; so βάλλειν alone, ib. 576a4; βοῦς βεβληκώς SIG958.7
([place name] Ceos).

4 of the eyes, ἑτέρωσε βάλ' ὄμματα cast them, Od.16.179; ὄμματα πρὸς γῆν E. Ion 582
; πρόσωπον εἰς γῆν Id.Or. 958
: intr., ὀφθαλμὸς πρὸς τὸ φῶς βαλών aiming at.., Plot.2.4.5; βαλὼν πρὸς αὐτό directing one's gaze at.., Id.3.8.10.

5 of animals, push forward or in front, τοὺς σοὺς [ἵππους] πρόσθε βαλών Il.23.572
; πλήθει πρόσθε βαλόντες (sc. ἵππους) ib. 639; βάλλε κάτωθε τὰ μοσχία Theoc.4.44
: metaph., β. ψυχὰν ποτὶ κέρδεα BionFr.5.12
.

6 in a looser sense, put, place, with or without a notion of haste, τὼ μὲν.. βαλέτην ἐν χερσὶν ἑταίρων Il.5.574
, cf. 17.40, 21.104; μῆλα.. ἐν νηΐ β. Od.9.470
; ἐπὶ γᾶν ἴχνος ποδὸς β. E.Rh. 721
(lyr.); φάσγανον ἐπ' αὐχένος β. Id.Or.51
; τοὺς δακτύλους εἰς τὰ ὦτα Ev.Marc.7.33
; β. πλίνθους lay bricks, Edict.Diocl.7.15; pour, οἶνον εἰς ἀσκούς Ev.Matt.9.17
; εἰς πίθον Arr.Epict.4.13.12
, cf. Dsc.1.71.5 (v.l. for ἐμβ.): metaph., ἐν στήθεσσι μένος βάλε ποιμένι λαῶν Il.5.513
; ὅπως.. φιλότητα μετ' ἀμφοτέροισι βάλωμεν may put friendship between them, 4.16; μαντεύσομαι ὡς ἐνὶ θυμῷ ἀθάνατοι βάλλουσι Od.1.201
; ἐν καρδίᾳ β. Pi.O.13.16
; but also θυμῷ, ἐς θυμὸν β., lay to heart, A.Pr. 706, S.OT 975.

b esp. of putting round, ἀμφ' ὀχέεσσι θοῶς βάλε καμπύλα κύκλα Il.5.722
; of clothes or arms, ἀμφὶ δ' Ἀθήνη ὤμοις.. βάλ' αἰγίδα 18.204
; put on, φαιὰ ἱμάτια Plb. 30.4.5
.

c place money on deposit, ἀργύριον τοῖς τραπεζίταις Ev.Matt.25.27
.

d pay, PLond.3.1177 (ii A. D.), POxy.1448.5 (iv A. D.).

7 of dice, throw, τρὶς ἓξ βαλεῖν A.Ag.33
, cf. Pl.Lg. 968e; ἄλλα βλήματ' ἐν κύβοις βαλεῖν E.Supp. 330
: so prob. ψῆφος βαλοῦσα, abs., by its throw, A.Eu. 751: metaph., εὖ or
καλῶς βάλλειν
to be lucky, successful, Phld.
lr.p.51 W., Rh.1.10 S.

III intr., fall, ποταμὸς Μινυήϊος εἰς ἅλα βάλλων Il.11.722
, cf. A.R.2.744, etc.; ἄνεμος κατ' αὐτῆς (sc. νεώς) ἔβαλε Act.Ap.27.14
; [ἵππους] περὶ τέρμα βαλούσας having run round the post, Il.23.462; ἐγὼ δὲ.. τάχ' ἐν πέδῳ βαλῶ (sc. ἐμαυτήν) A.Ag. 1172 (lyr.); λίμνηθεν ὅτ' εἰς ἁλὸς οἶδμα βάλητε arrive at.., A.R.4.1579; εἴσω β. enter a river's mouth, Orac. ap.D.S.8.23; βαλὼν κάθευδε lie down and sleep, Arr.Epict.2.20.10; τί οὖν, οὐ ῥέγκω βαλών; ib.4.10.29; βαλὼν ἐπὶ τῆς στιβάδος ἐπεχείρει καθεύδειν Anon.
ap. POxy.1368.51; cf. A. 11.4.

2 in familiar language,
βάλλ' ἐς κόρακας
away with you! be hanged! Ar.V. 835
, etc.; βάλλ' ἐς μακαρίαν Pl.Hp.Ma. 293a
, cf. Men.Epit. 389.

B [voice] Med., put for oneself, ὡς ἐνὶ θυμῷ βάλλεαι that thou may'st lay it to heart, Il.20.196, cf. Od.12.218; σὺ δ' ἐνὶ φρεσὶ βάλλεο σῇσιν Hes.Op. 107
; εἰ μὲν δὴ νόστον γε μετὰ φρεσὶ.. βάλλεαι Il.9.435
; ἐς θυμὸν βαλέσθαι τι Hdt.1.84
, etc.; εἰς or ἐπὶ νοῦν, εἰς μνήμην, Plu.Thes. 24, Jul.Or.2.58a, etc. (v. supr. A.11.6); ἐπ' ἑωυτῶν βαλόμενοι on their own responsibility, Hdt.4.160, cf. 3.71, al.; ἑτέρως ἐβάλοντο θεοί, v. l. for ἐβόλοντο in Od.1.234; θεοὶ δ' ἑτέρωσε βάλοντο Q.S.1.610
.

2 τόξα or ξίφος ἀμφ' ὤμοισιν βάλλεσθαι throw about one's shoulder, Il.10.333, 19.372, etc.; ἐπὶ κάρα στέφη β. E.IA 1513
(lyr.).

3 ἐς γαστέρα βάλλεσθαι γόνον
conceive, Hdt.3.28
.

4 lay as foundation, κρηπῖδα βαλέσθαι Pi.P.7.3
, cf. 4.138, Luc.Hipp.4; also, lay the foundations of, begin to form, οἰκοδομίας Pl.Lg. 779b
; χάρακα Plb.3.105.10
, Poll. 8.161; simply, build, ἱερὸν περί τι Philostr.VA4.13
; β. ἄγκυραν cast anchor, Hdt.9.74, etc.; καθάπερ ἐξ ἀγκυρῶν βαλλόμενος ψυχῆς δεσμούς Pl.Ti. 73d
.

II rarely, χρόα βάλλεσθαι λουτροῖς dash oneself with water, bathe, h.Cer.50 (but λουτρὰ ἐπὶ χροῒ βαλεῖν E.Or. 303
). (Arc. - δέλλω in ἐς-δέλλοντες, = ἐκ-βάλλοντες, IG5(2).6.49: ζέλλειν· βάλλειν, Hsch. Root g[uglide]el- 'throw', Skt. galati 'trickle', OHG. quellan 'spurt up', Lith. gulēti 'lie'.)

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